Читать книгу QuickBooks 2022 All-in-One For Dummies - Nelson Stephen L., Stephen L. Nelson - Страница 41

When I learned about double-entry bookkeeping, I stumbled over the terms debit and credit. The way I’d heard the terms used before didn’t agree with the way that double-entry bookkeeping seemed to describe them. This conflict caused a certain amount of confusion for me. Because I don’t want you to suffer the same fate, let me quickly describe my initial confusion.

If you look at Table 2-3, you see that an increase in an asset account is a debit, and a decrease in an asset account is a credit. This means that in the case of your cash account, increases to cash are debits and decreases to cash are credits.

At some time, however, you’ve undoubtedly talked to the bank and heard someone refer to crediting your bank account — which meant increasing the account balance. And perhaps that someone talked about debiting your account — which meant decreasing the account balance. So what’s up with that? Am I wrong, and is the bank right?

Actually, both the bank and I are right. Here’s why. The bank is talking about debiting and crediting — not a cash account and not an asset account, but a liability account. To the bank, the money that you’ve placed in the account isn’t cash (an asset) but a liability (money that the bank owes you). If you look at Table 2-3, you see that increases in a liability are credit amounts and decreases in a liability are debit amounts. Therefore, from the bank’s perspective, when the bank increases the balance in your account, that increase is a credit.

Your assets may represent another firm’s liabilities. Your liabilities will represent another firm’s assets. Therefore, whenever you hear some other business talking about crediting or debiting your account, what you do is exactly the opposite. If the business credits, you debit. If the business debits, you credit.

Do you see how that works? You start with $2,000 as the cash account balance. The first cash debit of $1,000 increases the cash balance to $3,000, and then the cash credit of $1,000 in Journal Entry 2 decreases the cash balance to $2,000. Finally, the cash credit of $1,000 in Journal Entry 3 decreases the cash balance to $1,000.

You can calculate the account balance for any account by taking the starting account balance and then adding the debits and credits that have occurred since then. By hand, this arithmetic is a little unwieldy. Your computer (with the help of QuickBooks) does this math easily.