Читать книгу This Is Philosophy - Steven D. Hales - Страница 6
ОглавлениеCONTENTS
1 Cover
10 1 Ethics: Preliminary Views1.1 Is Morality Just Acting on Principles?1.2 Divine Command Theory (Is Morality Just What God Tells Me to Do?)1.3 Egoism (Is Morality Just My Own Personal Code?)1.4 Moral Relativism (Is Morality Just How Society Says We Should Act?)
11 2 Ethics: The Big Three Theories2.1 Utilitarianism (Is Morality Doing What I Can to Make This the Best World Possible?)2.2 Deontology, or Kantianism (Is There an Absolute Moral Law?)2.3 Objections2.4 Virtue Ethics (Is Morality all about Having a Virtuous Character?)2.5 Objections
12 3 God3.1 The Attributes of God3.2 Why There is a God3.3 Why There is No God3.4 Atheist Responses to the Free Will Defense
13 4 Freedom4.1 Against Free Will, Part 1: Divine Foreknowledge4.2 Against Free Will, Part 2: A Regress of Reasons for Acting4.3 Against Free Will, Part 3: Determinism and the Dilemma Argument4.4 The Incompatibilist Argument4.5 The Dilemma Argument Against Free Will4.6 Free Will and Moral Responsibility4.7 Agent Causation4.8 Compatibilism4.9 The Feeling of Freedom
14 5 Self5.1 Preliminary Positions5.2 The Soul Criterion5.3 Objections5.4 The Physicalist Criterion5.5 The Psychological Criterion5.6 The Bundle Theory
15 6 Mind6.1 Substance Dualism6.2 Behaviorism6.3 Mind-brain Identity Theory6.4 Functionalism
16 7 Knowledge7.1 The Value of Truth7.2 The Value of Evidence7.3 The Sources of Evidence7.4 The Nature of Knowledge7.5 The Skeptic’s Challenge
17 8 Politics8.1 State of Nature8.2 Anarchy8.3 Contractarianism8.4 Leviathan and the Philosopher Kings8.5 The Minimal State8.6 The Liberal State
18 Postscript
19 Index
List of Illustrations
1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Marital satisfaction.
2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Comparative pleasure curves.Figure 2.2 People on a desert island.
3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Decision-making regress.
4 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Abigail through time.Figure 5.2 Closest physical continuers.Figure 5.3 Kenny over time.Figure 5.4 Trading brains.Figure 5.5 Psychological continuity depicted as remembering every preceding moment.Figure 5.6 Psychological continuity depicted as moment-to-moment memory.Figure 5.7 Two different ropes connected by a thread or one rope severely frayed in the middle?Figure 5.8 Split brain surgery.
5 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Balancing positive evidence.Figure 7.2 Balancing zero evidence.Figure 7.3 The Theater of the Mind.Figure 7.4 The Wheel of Money.Figure 7.5 The Wheel of Belief.
6 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Prisoner’s Dilemma.Figure 8.2 Types of rights.Figure 8.3 Types of rights in the minimal state.Figure 8.4 Societies and salaries.
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