Читать книгу A History of Roman Art - Steven L. Tuck - Страница 3

1 Note to Students0.1 Map of full extent of Roman Empire under Trajan, c. 115 CE. Drawing by J...

2 Chapter 11.1 Julio‐Claudian man, portrait from Pyramid Hill Sculpture Park Ancient Sc...1.2 Capitoline She‐wolf statue, 5th cent. BCE or 13th cent. CE, Musei Capito...1.3 Statue of Roman man with busts of ancestors, “Barbarini Togatus,” 1st ce...1.4 Cloaca Maxima (Great Drain) outlet to the Tiber, Rome, c. 510 BCE.1.5a and 1.5b Greek Temple of Hera, Paestum, c. 450 BCE, compared with Roman...1.6 Victorious general from Tivoli, Italy, c. 75–50 BCE. Museo Nazionale Rom...1.7 Emperor Lucius Verus as victorious athlete, c. 169 CE, Rome. Musei Vatic...1.8 Trebonianus Gallus bronze portrait, 251–253 CE, in the Metropolitan Muse...1.9a and 1.9b Small Herculaneum Woman Statue, 1st cent. CE, Skulpturensammlu...1.10 Still life paintings, Praedia of Julia Felix, Pompeii, c. 70 CE. Museo ...1.11 Gladiator fresco, Tomb of Vestorius Priscus, Pompeii, 75/76 CE.1.12 Silver service fresco, Tomb of Vestorius Priscus, Pompeii, 75/76 CE....1.13a Cutaway of Roman atrium house.1.13b Plan of Roman atrium house.1.14 Facade photo of Roman house, Pompeii.

3 Chapter 22.1 Map of Etruria, including Etruscan, Latin, and Greek communities in earl...2.2a and 2.2b Plan of the Etruscan Banditaccia necropolis, Cerveteri and pho...2.3 Tomb of the Shields and Chairs plan, Banditaccia necropolis, Cerveteri, 2.4 Gold fibula, 650 BCE, from the Regolini‐Galassi tomb, Cerveteri. Musei V...2.5 Ivory pyxis, 650–600 BCE, Pania burial, Chiusi. Museo Archaeologico Nazi...2.6 Terracotta “canopic” urn, 625–600 BCE, Chiusi. British Museum, London. H...2.7 Couple sarcophagus from Cerveteri, c. 525 BCE. Museo Nazionale Etrusco d...2.8 Apollo of Portonaccio Sanctuary, Veii, 510 BCE. Museo Nazionale Etrusco ...2.9 Minerva Tritonia from Lavinium, Latium, 5th cent. BCE, in the Museo Civi...2.10 Bronze Italic disk, 7th cent. BCE, one of three from a breast plate, 9 ...2.11 Rome, plan of Palatine and early Rome with cemeteries, Forum Romanum (i...2.12 House urn, 7th cent. BCE, Forum Romanum, Rome. Terracotta. H 11 in (27....2.13 Cross‐section drawing of cremation burial tomb from the Forum necropoli...2.14 Temple of Fortuna acroterion of Hercules and Athena, 570–540 BCE, Sant’...2.15 Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, plan.2.16 Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, model. Museo della Civiltà Romana, R...2.17 Silver denarius of Petillius Capitolinus, c. 43 BCE. Reverse, Temple of...2.18 Murlo (Poggio Civitate) plan of Orientalizing phase buildings, c. 675–6...2.19 Murlo (Poggio Civitate) reconstruction illustration of Archaic phase bu...2.20 Murlo (Poggio Civitate) terracotta plaque of horse race, c. 580–575 BCE2.21 Murlo (Poggio Civitate) terracotta plaque of banquet scene, c. 580–575 2.22 Murlo (Poggio Civitate) terracotta plaque of assembly scene, c. 580–575...2.23 Wall painting of Achilles and Troilus, main wall of the antechamber, To...2.24 Wall painting of events from funeral games, Tomb of the Augurs, Tarquin...2.25 Elite dining and outdoor scenes, wall painting from back wall of the bu...2.26 Remains of the Doric temple in the Triangular Forum, Pompeii, 600–550 B...

4 Chapter 33.1 Symposium scene, wall painting in the Tomb of the Diver, Paestum, c. 480...3.2 Diver scene from the roof slab, wall painting in the Tomb of the Diver, ...3.3 Banquet scene, wall painting in the Tomb of the Leopards, Tarquinia, 470...3.4 Dancers, wall painting from the Tomb of the Triclinium, Tarquinia, 470 B...3.5 Pediment relief sculpture from Temple A, Pyrgi, 460 BCE. Museo Nazionale...3.6 Funerary games of boxers and gladiators, wall painting from Tomb 90a, Pa...3.7 Funerary games of charioteers, wall painting from Tomb X, Paestum, 350 B...3.8 Scenes of woman’s funeral and travel into the underworld, wall painting ...3.9 Historical battle, tomb painting from Tomb 114, Paestum, 320 BCE. Museo ...3.10 Carved and painted reliefs, Tomb of the Reliefs, Cerveteri, 4th cent. B...3.11 Portrait of Velia, tomb painting, Tomb of Orcus, Tarquinia, 330 BCE....3.12 Banqueting couple, wall painting from the Tomb of the Shields, Tarquini...3.13 Processional scene, Tomb of the Typhon, Tarquinia, late 3rd cent. BCE, ...3.14 Processional scene, wall painting from a Roman tomb, Rome, c. 300 BCE....3.15 Tomb of Q. Fabius, wall painting from a tomb on the Esquiline Hill, Rom...3.16 Statue of Mars from Todi, c. 400 BCE. Musei Vaticani, Rome. Bronze, H. ...3.17 Bronze statuette of Hercules, c. 400–350 BCE, probably from Cerveteri. ...3.18 Ficoroni Cista, 350–330 BCE, Praeneste. Museo Nazionale Etrusco di Vill...3.19 Bronze chimera from Arezzo, 4th cent. BCE. Museo Archaeologico Nazional...3.20 Terracotta statue of a man from a sanctuary at Cales. National Archaeol...3.21 Votive statue of a woman from a sanctuary at Lavinium. In the Museo Civ...3.22 Bronze bust of a man “Brutus,” Musei Capitolini, Rome. The head and nec...3.23 “Servian Wall,” Rome, c. 386 BCE.3.24 Limestone relief of sulcus primigenius for a Roman colony, 2nd cent. BC...3.25 Ostia, plan of Roman colony centered on forum, 338 BCE. Soprintendenza ...3.26 Paestum, plan of Roman colony, 273 BCE.3.27 Cosa, plan of Roman colony, 273 BCE.3.28 Cosa, reconstruction drawing of arx dominated by their Capitolium, 273

5 Chapter 44.1 Sarcophagus of Scipio Barbatus, c. 200 BCE, Rome. Musei Vaticani, Rome. ...4.2 Temple of Portunus, Rome, c. 150 BCE.4.3 Temple of Hercules Victor, Rome, c. 150 BCE.4.4 Republican Temples, Tivoli, c. 100 BCE.4.5 Basilica plan, Pompeii, c. 88–80 BCE.4.6a and 4.6b Basilica interior, Pompeii, c. 88–80 BCE.4.7 Plan, city of Pergamon, c. 133 BCE. Koch, M., and Kips, A., 1886. Pergam...4.8 Sanctuary plan, Terracina, c. 100 BCE.4.9 Temple platform arcade, Terracina, c. 100 BCE.4.10a and 4.10b Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Praeneste, c. 80 BCE, plan ...4.11 Pompeii, plan of city, 80 BCE.4.12 Amphitheater exterior, Pompeii, 80 BCE.4.13 Pons Fabricius, Rome, 62 BCE.4.14 Theater of Pompey, 55 BCE, reconstruction of the complex, Rome Reborn....4.15 Forum Romanum, Rome, plan of late Republican buildings, c. 44 BCE.4.16 Forum Iulium, dedicated 46 BCE, reconstruction.4.17 House of the Faun plan, Pompeii, 88–80 BCE.4.18 House of the Faun facade, Pompeii, 80 BCE.4.19 First Style wall painting, House of Sallust, Pompeii, c. 100 BCE.4.20 First Style wall painting, c. 100 BCE, House of the Ship Europa, Pompei...4.21 Alexander mosaic, 88–80 BCE, House of the Faun, Pompeii. Museo Archeolo...4.22 House of the Griffins, Palatine Hill, Rome, 80–40 BCE.4.23a and 4.23b Villa at Oplontis plan paired with Villa Maritima painting f...4.23b (b) Photo courtesy Steven L. Tuck.4.24 West Suite, villa at Oplontis, wall painting, c. 40 BCE.4.25 Atrium, villa at Oplontis, wall painting, c. 40 BCE.4.26a and 4.26b Plan and exterior photo, Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, 40...4.26b (b) Photo courtesy Steven L. Tuck.4.27 Left‐hand wall, room 5, Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, 40 BCE.4.28 Rear wall, room 5, Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, 40 BCE.4.29a and 4.29b Right‐hand wall, room 5, Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, 4...4.29b Photo courtesy Steven L. Tuck.4.30 Victory monument of Aemilius Paullus, Delphi, c. 167 BCE, drawing.4.31a and 4.31b Victory monument of Aemilius Paullus, Delphi, c. 167 BCE, ph...4.32a and 4.32b “Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus” reliefs, c. 100 BCE, Rome. M...4.33 Head of a man from votive deposit, Manganello, Cerveteri, c. 100 BCE. M...4.34 Aulus Metellus, bronze, c. 90 BCE. Museo Archaeologico Nazionale, Flore...4.35 Veristic portrait of a Roman man, c. 50 BCE, lifesize, Verona. Staatlic...4.36 Portrait of Pompey the Great, c. 50 BCE–50 CE, Rome, .26 m high. ...4.37 Cast glass gem of Scylla set into a finger ring, c. 50–25 BCE, 1.8 cm h...4.38 Cast glass ribbed bowl, c. 50 BCE–50 CE, H: 1 5/8 in. (4.1 cm); D...4.39 Wall painting detail of a glass bowl, Villa at Oplontis, c. 40 BCE.

6 Chapter 55.1 Augustus as Pontifex Maximus, from the Via Labicana, Rome, c. 12 BCE. Mu...5.2 Prima Porta Augustus, from the villa of Livia at Prima Porta north of Ro...5.3 Augustan building program in Rome, buildings built or heavily restored u...5.4 Mausoleum of Augustus, 28 BCE exterior view.5.5 Mausoleum of Augustus, 28 BCE reconstruction.5.6 Plan, Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, 13–9 BCE. Museo dell’Ara Pacis, Rome. Ar...5.7 Aeneas sacrificing panel, Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, 13–9 BCE. Museo dell...5.8 Tellus/Italia panel, Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, 13–9 BCE. Museo dell’Ara ...5.9 South procession relief showing the family of Augustus, Ara Pacis August...5.10 Children on south procession panel detail, Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, 13...5.11 Plan of Forum Augustum, 2 BCE.5.12 Forum Augustum, Temple of Mars Ultor, 2 BCE.5.13 Algiers relief of Mars Ultor, Venus Genetrix, and Caesar, Augustan. Nat...5.14 Forum Augustum, 2 BCE reconstruction of the Attic story, Museo dei Fori...5.15 Augustan buildings on the Palatine Hill, 28 BCE, detail of Figure 5.3....5.16 Archaistic relief of Apollo, Diana, and Leto from the Temple of Apollo ...5.17 Terracotta plaque of Apollo and Hercules from the Temple of Apollo Pala...5.18 Black marble herm of Danaid from the Temple of Apollo Palatinus, Rome, ...5.19 Wall painting, c. 40 BCE “House of Augustus,” Palatine Hill, Rome.5.20 Wall painting from Villa Farnesina, Rome, c. 15 BCE. Museo Nazionale Ro...5.21 Third Style painting, Villa at Oplontis, c. 10 BCE.5.22 Doorway of the Building of Eumachia, Pompeii, after 7 BCE. Marble.5.24 Roman history painting, Tomb of Statilius Taurus, c. 15 BCE, Rome. Muse...5.23 Marble frieze of Tarpeia, c. 14 BCE from the Basilica Aemilia, Forum Ro...5.25 Tomb of Eurysaces, c. 20 BCE Rome. Travertine faced concrete.5.26 Detail of baking frieze, Tomb of Eurysaces, c. 20 BCE Rome. H 23 in (58...5.27 Tomb relief of funeral procession, Augustan. Amiternum. Museo Archeolog...5.28 Tomb relief of freedmen Publius Licinius Philonicus and Publius Liciniu...5.29a and 5.29b Portland Vase, from Rome, Augustan. British Museum, London. ...5.30 “Temple of Mercury” at Baiae on the Bay of Naples, Augustan. Concrete, ...5.31 Gem with Venus and Anchises, c. 25 BCE, Gem: cornelian; modern frame: g...5.32 Blue glass mold‐blown handled cup by Ennion, Augustan. H: 2.36 in...5.33 Caesarea Maritima, painting of Herodian harbor, c. 15 BCE.

7 Chapter 66.1 Portrait of Tiberius, after 4 CE, from the Fayum in Egypt. Ny Carlsberg ...6.2 Portrait of Caligula, 37 CE, from Asia Minor. Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Co...6.3 Gemma Augustea, c. 15 CE. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. Sardonyx, 7 ...6.4a and 6.4b Boscoreale cups A and B, after 10 CE, Boscoreale. Musée du Lou...6.5 City gate, Saepinum, Italy decorated with inscription, bound prisoners, ...6.6 Grotto dining room of Tiberius, villa at Sperlonga, Italy, c. 25 CE.6.7a Cast reconstruction of sculpture group of Polyphemus, grotto dining roo...6.7b Wine skin bearer of sculpture group of Polyphemus, grotto dining room o...6.7c Odysseus of sculpture group of Polyphemus, grotto dining room of Tiberi...6.8 Sculpture group of Scylla, grotto dining room of Tiberius, villa at Sper...6.9 Sculpture group of Palladium, c. 25 CE, grotto dining room of Tiberius, ...6.10 Portrait of Claudius with attributes of Jupiter, 42 CE, Lanuvium, Italy...6.11 Bronze head of Claudius, c. 50 CE, found at the River Alde at Rendham, ...6.12 Grand Camée, c. 50 CE. Cabinet des Médailles, Bibliothèque Nationale, P...6.13 Relief of the Julio‐Claudian dynasty, c. 45–50 CE, Ravenna. Museo Nazio...6.14 Relief from the Altar of the Vicomagistri, Rome, Claudian. Musei Vatica...6.15 Sebasteion at Aphrodisias, Turkey, 1st cent. CE. View down the length o...6.16 Relief of Claudius conquering Britannia, Sebasteion at Aphrodisias, Ner...6.17 Portico at the Claudian harbor, Portus, 46 CE, with rusticated block ma...6.18 Porta Maggiore, Rome, 52 CE, with rusticated block masonry, white trave...6.19 Portrait of Nero, 59 CE, Palatine Hill, Rome. Museo Palatino, Rome. H 1...6.20 Portrait of Livia Augusta, mother of Tiberius, Paestum, early Tiberian....6.21 Antonia (Minor) Augusta, mother of Claudius, as Venus Genetrix statue, 6.22 Claudia Augusta as Psyche statue, c. 64 CE, imperial villa at Punta Epi...6.23 Plan of the Domus Transitoria, Rome, 62 CE.6.24 Ceiling painting from the Domus Transitoria, Rome, 62 CE. Museo Palatin...6.25a and 6.25b Plan and map, Domus Aurea, Rome, 64 CE. (a) Plan: ARCHAEOLOG...6.26 “Dining room” in the Domus Aurea, Rome, 64 CE.6.27 Ceiling painting of Achilles on Scyros, Room 119, Domus Aurea, Rome, 64...6.28 Painting of amphitheater riot, from house 1.3.23, Pompeii, c. 65 CE. Mu...6.29 Wall paintings of still life and mythological scene, macellum, Pompeii,...6.30a and 6.30b Stucco wall treatment, Stabian Baths, Pompeii, c. 64 CE.6.31 Sanctuary of Isis, Pompeii, c. 62 CE, reconstruction.6.32 Sanctuary of Isis, Pompeii, exterior of baptistery, c. 62 CE.6.33 House of Octavius Quartio, Pompeii, after 64 CE, plan.6.34 House of Octavius Quartio, Pompeii, biclinium with Narcissus, Pyramus a...6.35 House of Octavius Quartio, Pompeii, images of Diana and Actaeon, after ...6.36 Medusa head from Caligula’s floating palace, Nemi, Italy, c. 37–41 CE. ...6.37 Engraved gem with profile portrait of Julio‐Claudian youth, c. 20 CE. S...6.38 Mosaic glass bowl, c. 1–50 CE. H 3 ½ in (8.9 cm). J. Paul Getty Museum,...

8 Chapter 77.1 Portrait of Vespasian, 70–79 CE. Musei Capitolini, Rome. Marble, H 27 in...7.2 Portrait of Titus, 70–80 CE, Rome. Musei Vaticani, Rome. Marble, H 6 ft ...7.3a and 7.3b Colosseum, Rome, dedicated in 80 CE, plan and elevation drawin...7.4a and 7.4b Colosseum, Rome, dedicated in 80 CE, facade and detail of entr...7.5 Colosseum, Rome, sestertius of the amphitheater struck at Rome under Tit...7.6 Reconstruction of the Templum Pacis, Rome, dedicated in 75 CE. Rome Rebo...7.7 Wall mosaic of Neptune and Amphitrite, House of Neptune and Amphitrite, ...7.8 Overall view, Sacellum of the Augustales, Herculaneum, 79 CE.7.9 Hercules painting, Sacellum of the Augustales, Herculaneum, 79 CE.7.10 Altar relief, Temple of the Deified Vespasian, Pompeii, 79 CE.7.11 Plan of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, renovations c. 75 ce. Pompeii...7.12 Priapus painting, front foyer, House of the Vettii, Pompeii, c. 75 CE....7.13 Pinacotheca n, House of the Vettii, Pompeii, c. 75 CE.7.14 Pinacotheca p, House of the Vettii, Pompeii, c. 75 CE.7.15 Cupids as fullers, painted frieze, reception room Q, House of the Vetti...7.16 Paintings in the central hallway, lupanar, Pompeii, 70–79 CE.7.17 Floor mosaic from a Roman villa, Zliten, Libya, Flavian. L 11 ½ ft (3.5...7.18 Detail of arena events, floor mosaic from a Roman villa, Zliten, Libya,...7.19 Portrait bust of Domitian, c. 90 CE, Rome. Marble, H 23 ⅚ in (59.2 cm)....7.20 Equestrian statue of Domitian, c. 95 CE, his face later replaced with t...7.21 Portrait bust of a Flavian lady, c. 90 CE, Rome. Musei Capitolini, Rome...7.22a and 7.22b Portraits of the deified Vespasian and Titus, Sacellum of th...7.23 Arch of Titus, Rome, overall view up the Via Sacra (Sacred Way), after ...7.24 Relief of Spoils from the Temple in Jerusalem in the Triumphal Processi...7.25 Relief of Titus in triumphal chariot, Arch of Titus, Rome, after 81 CE....7.26 Cancelleria relief of adventus of Vespasian, Rome, 93–96 CE. Musei Vati...7.27 Cancelleria relief of profectio of Domitian, Rome, 93–96 CE. Musei Vati...7.28 Frieze from the Temple of Vespasian and Titus, 81–89 CE, Rome.7.29 Collocatio relief, Tomb of the Haterii, Rome, c. 90–100 CE. Musei Vatic...7.30 Plan of the Palace of Domitian, 92 CE, Palatine Hill, Rome, designed by...7.31 Garden with central fountain feature surrounded by suites of rooms, Pal...7.32 Fountain adjacent to the dining room (note large windows opening into t...7.33 Situla with frieze of athletic contests, c. 80–100 CE. Bronze. 3 3/4 × ...7.34 Beaker with mythological figures, c. 75–100 CE. Glass. 4 15/16 × 2 3/4 ...

9 Chapter 88.1 Portrait of Trajan as victorious general, c. 110 CE, Ostia. Museo Archeo...8.2 Bronze cuirassed portrait of Hadrian, c. 135 CE, from camp of the Sixth ...8.3 Portrait of Plotina, wife of Trajan, c. 112 CE, from Maritime Baths, Ost...8.4 Portrait of Sabina, wife of Hadrian, c. 135 CE, from Maritime Baths, Ost...8.5 Plan of the Forum of Trajan (Forum Traiani), Rome, dedicated 113 CE.8.6 Markets of Trajan designed by Apollodorus of Damascus, c. 110 CE, view f...8.7 Street of shops, Markets of Trajan designed by Apollodorus of Damascus, ...8.8 Main Hall, Markets of Trajan designed by Apollodorus of Damascus, Rome, 8.9a and 8.9b Pantheon, Rome, after 126 CE, plan and section. (a) Plan: Geor...8.10 Facade on the Pantheon, Rome, after 126 CE.8.11 Interior of the Pantheon, Rome, after 126 CE.8.12 Plan of the Villa of Hadrian, Tivoli, Hadrianic.8.13 Circular Island Suite, Villa of Hadrian, Tivoli, Hadrianic.8.14 Serapeum dining complex, Villa of Hadrian, Tivoli, Hadrianic.8.15 Sculpture from the Serapeum complex, Villa of Hadrian, Tivoli, Hadriani...8.16 Column of Trajan, Rome, dedicated 113 CE.8.17 Base of the Column of Trajan, Rome, dedicated 113 CE.8.18 Spiral frieze of the Column of Trajan, Rome, dedicated 113 CE. Lowest r...8.19 Spiral frieze of the Column of Trajan, Rome, dedicated 113 CE. Lowest r...8.20 Adamclisi victory monument, 109 CE, reconstruction, Adamclisi, Romania....8.21 Relief panel, Adamclisi victory monument, 109 CE, Adamclisi, Romania. H...8.22 Trajan in battle, Great Trajanic Frieze, from the Forum of Trajan, Rome...8.23 Trajan crowned by Victory, Great Trajanic Frieze, from the Forum of Tra...8.24 Emperor addressing a crowd in the Forum Romanum, Anaglypha Traiani, fro...8.25 Burning of debt records in the Forum Romanum, Anaglypha Traiani, from t...8.26a and 8.26b Medallions of the virtuti Augusti, the manliness of the empe...8.27 Tondi of Hadrian, 130–138 CE, from the Arch of Constantine, Rome. D 6 f...8.28 Arch of Trajan, Beneventum, Italy, 114 CE, marble.8.29 Sacrifice relief panel, Arch of Trajan, 114 CE, Beneventum, Italy. H 7 ...8.30 Alimenta relief panel, Arch of Trajan, 114 CE, Beneventum, Italy. H 7 f...8.31 Keystone image of Victory crowning Trajan, Arch of Trajan, 114 CE, Bene...8.32 Funerary altar of Quintus Servilius Aprilis and Servilia Ampliata, c. 1...8.33 Relief portraying the interior of a tavern, from Isola Sacra necropolis...8.34 Venus statue from the facade of the amphitheater at Capua, Italy, Hadri...8.35 Calydonian Boar Hunt relief panel from the amphitheater at Capua, Italy...8.36 Relief of Antinous as the god Silvanus, from Lanuvium, c. 130–138 CE. M...8.37 Actaeon relief panel from the amphitheater at Capua, Italy, Hadrianic. ...8.38 Dove mosaic from the Villa of Hadrian, Tivoli, Hadrianic. Now in the Mu...8.39 Black and white mosaic from the Villa of Hadrian, Tivoli, Hadrianic....8.40 Black and white mosaic, Baths of the Cart Drivers, Ostia, c. 120 CE....8.41 Oil lamp produced by Marcus Novius Justus, North Africa, c. 125 CE. Len...

10 Chapter 99.1 Bust of Antoninus Pius, c. 147–149 CE, Rome. Musei Vaticani, Rome. H 2 f...9.2 Bust of Marcus Aurelius as a victorious general, 170–180 CE, Rome. Musei...9.3 Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, 176 CE, Rome. Musei Capitolini, Ro...9.4 Bust of Faustina the Younger, c. 147–148 CE, Rome. Musei Capitolini, Rom...9.5 Faustina the Younger, c. 175 CE, Rome. Museo Nazionale Romano Palazzo Ma...9.6 Pediment of Sacellum of the Augustales, Misenum with portrait busts of d...9.7 Funerary portrait of man and woman as Mars and Venus, c. 155 CE, Rome. M...9.8 Bust of unknown man, c. 160–180 CE, Athens. H 32 in (81.3 cm), marble. S...9.9 Funerary bust of Palmyrene woman in high relief, c. 200 CE, Palmyra. Uni...9.10 Bust of Commodus, c. 192 CE, Rome. Musei Capitolini, Rome. H 4 ft (1.22...9.11 Captive province relief from the Hadrianeum, Rome, c. 145 CE. Musei Cap...9.12 Apotheosis scene, base of Column of Antoninus Pius, Rome, 161 CE. Musei...9.13 Military parade scene, base of Column of Antoninus Pius, Rome, 161 CE. ...9.14a and 9.14b Clemency and Triumph panels, Arch of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, ...9.15 Column of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, overview, 180 CE, marble.9.16 Village destruction scene, Column of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, 180 CE, mar...9.17 Storm god scene, Column of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, 180 CE, marble.9.18 Temple of Hadrian, Ephesus, c. 140 CE, marble.9.19 Wall painting of Greek sages, c. 140 CE, Baths of the Seven Sages, Osti...9.20 So‐called tablinum, House of Jupiter and Ganymede, c. 180–190 CE, Ostia...9.21 Wall painting and stucco work, Tomb of the Pancratii, c. 140–180 CE, Vi...9.22 Ceiling painting and stucco work, Tomb of the Pancratii, c. 140–180 CE,...9.23 Black and white mosaic floor from the Baths of Neptune, Ostia, 139 CE. ...9.24 Selene and Endymion sarcophagus, c. 150 CE, Rome. Metropolitan Museum o...9.25 Velletri sarcophagus, c. 135–140 CE, Velletri, Italy. Museo Civico Arch...9.26 Massacre of the Niobids sarcophagus from Rome, c. 160 CE. Munich Glypto...9.27 Meleager sarcophagus, c. 180 CE, Rome. Palazzo Doria Pamphili, Rome. L ...9.28 Portonaccio sarcophagus, c. 180–190 CE, Portonaccio. Museo Nazionale Ro...9.29 Front panel from a child’s sarcophagus, c. 190 CE, eastern Roman world....9.30 Fayum portrait of Aline from Arsinoe (Hawara), Egypt, c. 98–117 CE. Ägy...9.31 Fayum portrait of Antonine woman from Philadelphia, Egypt, c. 160–190 C...9.32 Fayum portrait of a priest of Serapis from Arsinoe (Hawara), Egypt, c. ...9.33 Fayum portrait of Eutyches, freedman of Kasianos from Philadelphia, Egy...9.34 Engraved gem with profile image of Nemesis, c. 150 CE. Sard. 11/16 × 9/...

11 Chapter 1010.1 Portrait of Septimius Severus, his wife, Julia Domna, and sons, Caracal...10.2 Portrait of Septimius Severus, c. 200–210 CE, Musei Capitolini, Rome. H...10.3 Portrait of Julia Domna, c. 193 CE, from Gabii, Italy. Musée du Louvre,...10.4 Portrait of Julia Domna as Ceres, c. 203 CE, from Ostia. Museo Archeolo...10.5 Portrait of Caracalla, c. 206–212 CE, Rome. Metropolitan Museum of Art,...10.6 Portrait of Alexander Severus, 222–235 CE. Musée du Louvre, Paris. H 15...10.7 Baths of Caracalla, along the Via Appia, Rome, dedicated in 216 CE. Wil...10.8 Remains of the Baths of Caracalla, along the Via Appia, Rome, dedicated...10.9 Farnese Bull group from the Baths of Caracalla, along the Via Appia, Ro...10.10 Farnese Hercules from the Baths of Caracalla, along the Via Appia, Rom...10.11 Arch of Septimius Severus, Forum Romanum, Rome, 203 CE.10.12 Panel 2, Arch of Septimius Severus, Forum Romanum, Rome, 203 CE.10.13 Panel 3, Arch of Septimius Severus, Forum Romanum, Rome, 203 CE.10.14 Arch of the Argentarii, Forum Boarium, Rome, 204 CE.10.15 Panel of Septimius Severus and Julia Domna sacrificing, Arch of the Ar...10.16 Arena mosaic from a Roman villa outside Thysdrus (El Djem, Tunisia), c10.17 Cosmological mosaic, Emerita (Merida), Spain, Severan. 13 ¼ × 16 ⅝ ft ...10.18 Dionysus and Seasons sarcophagus, 220–235 CE. Metropolitan Museum of A...10.19 Marine thiasos sarcophagus from Rome, c. 230–240 CE. Munich Glyptothek...10.20 Sarcophagus with Achilles and Penthesilea, 225–235 CE, Rome. Musei Vat...10.21 Forma Urbis Romae drawing of wall in Templum Pacis, Rome, 203–211 CE....10.22 Forma Urbis Romae fragment showing temple complex, Rome, 203–211 CE....10.23 Forma Urbis Romae fragment showing Circus Maximus, Rome, 203–211 CE....10.24 Forma Urbis Romae fragment showing three atrium houses, Rome, 203–211 10.25 The temples of Heliopolis–Baalbek according to the results of the Germ...10.26 The interior of the Temple of Bacchus, Baalbek, Lebanon, Severan, c. 1...10.27a Plan of the Temple of Venus, Baalbek, Severan, c. 220 CE. Fletcher, B...10.27b Exterior of the Temple of Venus, Baalbek, Severan, c. 220 CE. Wikimed...10.28 Plan of Lepcis Magna, Libya with Severan buildings including the harbo...10.29 Harbor remains of Lepcis Magna, Libya, 196–206 CE.10.30 Severan Basilica, Lepcis Magna, Libya, 196–206 CE.10.31 Detail of relief sculpture from the Severan Basilica, Lepcis Magna, Li...10.32 Overall view of Severan arch, Lepcis Magna, Libya, 203 CE. Marble.10.33 Attic triumph panel, Severan arch, Lepcis Magna, Libya, 203 CE. H 5 ft...10.34 Engraved magical gem with Abraxas, c. 200–250 CE, jasper. 11/16 × 9/16...10.35 Beehive coin bank, Italy, c. 190–225 CE. H 5 in; W 3 ½ in (H 12.5 cm; ...

12 Chapter 1111.1a and 11.1b Map of the Roman Empire of the third century with Tetrarchic...11.2 Portrait of Philip the Arab, 244–249 CE, Rome. Musei Vaticani, Rome. H ...11.3 Portrait of Decius, 249–251 CE, Rome. Musei Capitolini. Marble, H 7 ½ f...11.4 Relief of Emperor Valerian kneeling before Shapur I, after 260 CE, foun...11.5 Gate in the Aurelian Wall, Rome at the Via Appia, 270–275 CE.11.6 Diocletian (?) statue head, from Nicomedia, Turkey, 284–305 CE. Istanbu...11.7 Tetrarchs statue group, c. 300 CE, from Constantinople, now set into Ba...11.8a and 11.8b Gordian III Mint: Rome RIC vol IV.iii, p. 31, no. 154 1991.1...11.9a and 11.9b Emperor Postumus, Mint: Lugdunum RIC vol V.ii, p. 341, no. 4...11.10 Constantius Caesar, Laureate bust right RIC 33a, RSC 291B Reverse: Tet...11.11 Emperor Maximian, obverse inscription: IMP C GAL VAL MAXIMIANVS PF AVG11.12 Emperor Maximian, reverse inscription: VIRTVS MILITVM, Camp gate with ...11.13 Victories inscribing shield, Decennalia base, 303 CE, Forum Romanum, R...11.14 Procession of Tetrarchs, Decennalia base, 303 CE, Forum Romanum, Rome....11.15 Arch of Galerius, 298–303 CE, Thessalonica, Greece. Brick‐faced rubble...11.16 Galerius on horseback and Tetrarchs enthroned reliefs, Arch of Galeriu...11.17 Acilia sarcophagus, c. 240 CE, Rome, Museo Nazionale Romano Palazzo Ma...11.18 Mattei Lion Hunt sarcophagus, c. 250 CE, Palazzo Mattei, Rome. L 7 ft ...11.19 Ludovisi sarcophagus, c. 260 CE, Rome. The sarcophagus is in the Museo...11.20 Good Shepherd ceiling painting, 3rd cent. CE, Catacombs of S. Callisto...11.21 Good Shepherd statue, 3rd cent. CE, from Catacomb of Domitilla, Rome. ...11.22 Sarcophagus with the Good Shepherd, Jonah, and the Baptism of Jesus, 2...11.23a and 11.23b Baths of Diocletian, 305 CE, Rome, overall plan.11.24 Baths of Diocletian, 305 CE, Rome, interior view of S. Maria degli Ang...11.25 Villa at Piazza Armerina, Sicily, 305 CE.11.26 Odyssey mosaic, Villa at Piazza Armerina, Sicily, 305 CE. 25 ft (7.6 m...11.27 Animal capture scene, Great Hunt mosaic, Villa at Piazza Armerina, Sic...11.28 Detail of Command Group, Great Hunt mosaic, Villa at Piazza Armerina, ...11.29 Overall view of dining room floor, 3rd cent. CE, in House of the Atriu...11.30 Hercules and Dionysus drinking contest mosaic, 3rd cent. CE, from Hous...11.31 Judgment of Paris mosaic, 3rd cent. CE, from House of the Atrium, Daph...11.32 Menander, Glykera, and Comedy mosaic, 250–275 CE, House of Menander, D...11.33 Mosaic of Opora, Agros, and Oinos, 3rd cent. CE, from the House of the...11.34 House church, Dura‐Europos, wall painting, detail of the Good Shepherd...11.35 Engraved gem with profile portrait of Aurelian, c. 275 CE. Amethyst. 3...11.36 Medallion with portrait of Gennadios, c. 250–300 CE. Glass and gold le...11.37 Blown glass bottle with engraved scene, c. 275–325 CE. Blown and wheel...

13 Chapter 1212.1 Colossal portrait of Constantine the Great, c. 315 CE, from the Basilic...12.2 Colossal portrait of Constantine, c. 336 CE, Rome. Musei Capitolini, Ro...12.3 Porta Nigra, c. 300 CE, Trier, Germany. Sandstone.12.4 Exterior of the basilica, c. 310 CE, Trier, Germany. Brick.12.5 Interior of the basilica, c. 310 CE, Trier, Germany. Brick.12.6 Basilica Nova, c. 315 CE, Rome, reconstruction drawing. Rome Reborn....12.7 Basilica Nova, c. 315 CE, Rome. Brick‐faced concrete.12.8 Arch of Constantine, 312–315 CE, Rome, general view.12.9 Arch of Constantine, 312–315 CE, Rome, captive barbarians and trophies ...12.10 Arch of Constantine, 312–315 CE, Rome, detail of frieze of state orati...12.11 Arch of Constantine, 312–315 CE, Rome, detail of frieze of state congi...12.12 Old St. Peter’s, Rome, c. 325 CE, plan. Locutus Borg12.13 Santa Costanza, Rome, c. 325–350 CE, interior view.12.14 Vintage scenes, vault mosaic, Santa Costanza, Rome, c. 325–350 CE.12.15 Porphyry sarcophagus of Constantina, 330–360 CE, from Santa Costanza, ...12.16 Porphyry sarcophagus of Helena, 330–360 CE, Mausoleum of Helena on the...12.17 Corbridge Lanx, silver tray, 4th cent. CE. British Museum, London. L 2...12.18 Great Dish from Mildenhall, 4th cent. CE. British Museum, London. Silv...12.19 Traprain silver gilt flagon, 4th cent. CE, H 8 ½ in (21.6 cm), drawing...12.20 Lullingstone mosaic of Rape of Europa, c. 330 CE, Lullingstone, Kent. ...12.21 Low Ham mosaic of Dido and Aeneas, c. 340 CE. Museum of Somerset, Taun...12.22 Low Ham mosaic, detail of Aeneas, Ascanius, Dido, and Venus, c. 340 CE...12.23 Image of Dido sacrificing, end of the 4th cent. CE, Vatican Vergil, Va...12.24 Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, c. 359 CE, Rome. Musei Vaticani, Rome. L...12.25 Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor (973–983 CE), manuscript illumination from...12.26 Arc de Triomphe, commissioned in Paris by Napoleon, 1806.12.27 Apotheosis of Washington fresco, interior of the Capitol Dome, 1865, b...