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Box 2.2 Chair‐side tests for risk factors

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 C‐Reactive Protein (hs‐CRP): Highly sensitive blood test to evaluate inflammation and to monitor whether inflammation is still present after treatment. Also available is the CRP plus HbA1c combination test. There are also chair‐side tests being developed and can be ordered by a dentist at a blood testing lab.

 Diabetes Risk Assessment Test: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is designed to screen for diabetes and fasting blood glucose. The HbA1c can be ordered by a dentist at a blood testing lab. There are also chair‐side tests being developed but currently FDA has approved them only for those that already are diagnosed with diabetes.

 Perio‐Metabolic Profile: A comprehensive test for eight risk factors: total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, HDL, hs‐CRP, HbA1c, and fasting insulin. To specifically detect for periodontal/peri‐implant disease, heart disease, and diabetes. This profile can be ordered by a dentist at a blood testing lab.

 Vitamin D Test: For detection of deficiency in vitamin D, an indicator of potential health risks of systemic diseases. A factor for linking innate and adaptive immunity connected with low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol which can slow implant osseointegration and increase risk of graft infections. This test can be ordered by a dentist at a blood testing lab.

Peri-Implant Therapy for the Dental Hygienist

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