Читать книгу Lifespan Development - Tara L. Kuther - Страница 99

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Physical: A young boy throws a baseball during a game.

Cognitive: A young girl completes a written assignment in the classroom.

Socioemotional: Two young girls walk together on their way home from school. One girl has her arm around the other.

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The city names shown are Little Ethiopia, Little Armenia, Cambodia Town, Little Tokyo, Little Bangladesh, Byzantine–Latino Quarter, next 3 exits, City of Los Angeles, Via Italia, Historic Filipinotown, Little Lithuania, Persian Square, Croatian Place, 9th street from Gaffey Street to Grand Avenue, Thai Town, Koreatown, El Salvador Corridor, and Chinatown.

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a. Continuous development. This is illustrated as an individual climbing a soft sloping hill. The continuing elevation represents increased development.

b. Discontinuous development. This is akin to an individual climbing stairs. Developmental progression is evident with each higher step, but the steps are discrete intervals.

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Length, in centimeters, is listed for specific ages. Data for ages and lengths are approximations.

0.95 to 1.05: 61 centimeters

1.05 to 1.15: 62 centimeters

1.2 to 1.3: 63.5 centimeters

1.3 to 1.45: 65 centimeters

1.5 to 1.6: 65.5 centimeters

1.6 to 1.65: 67 centimeters

1.65 to 1.75: 67.5 centimeters

1.75 to 1.8: 68 centimeters

1.8 to 1.85: 69 centimeters

1.85 to 2.0: 70 centimeters

2.0 to 2.5: 71 centimeters

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Illustration 1: A baby is being fed from a bottle and making sucking movements.

Illustration 2: While the baby is feeding from the bottle, a person touches the center of the baby’s forehead.

Illustration 3: When the baby is touched in the center of his forehead, he makes sucking movements, even though he is not being given a bottle.

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In the center of the map are three terms: person, behavior, and environment. Each term is connected to the other with a double-headed arrow.

Pointing to the person concept are two labels. One reads emotional, social, and cognitive abilities. The other reads knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes.

Pointing to the behavior concept is a label that reads verbal, motor, and social actions.

Pointing to the environment concept are two labels. One reads physical and social surroundings. The other reads family and friends.

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In the center of the map are three terms: person, behavior, and environment. Each term is connected to the other with a double-headed arrow.

Pointing to the person concept are two labels. One reads emotional, social, and cognitive abilities. The other reads knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes.

Pointing to the behavior concept is a label that reads verbal, motor, and social actions.

Pointing to the environment concept are two labels. One reads physical and social surroundings. The other reads family and friends.

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At the top of the image is the word Genetics. Extending from the left of this term is a large arrow that points to a list of developmental stages: conception, birth, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.

Extending from the right of the term Genetics are two smaller arrows. One points to the label Epigenetic factors. The other points to the label Environment. Extending from both of these labels are two larger arrows that point to the list of development stages.

A note along the arrow pointing to Environment reads Genetic susceptibility to environmental effects.

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1. No poverty

2. Zero hunger

3. Good health and well-being

4. Quality education

5. Gender equality

6. Clean water and sanitation

7. Affordable and clean energy

8. Decent working and economic growth

9. Industry, innovation, and infrastructure

10. Reduced inequalities

11. Sustainable cities and communities

12. Responsible consumption and production

13. Climate action

14. Life below water

15. Life on land

16. Peace, justice, and strong institutions

17. Partnerships for the goals