Читать книгу The Autobiography of Thomas Jefferson, 1743-1790 - Thomas Jefferson - Страница 7
CHIEF EVENTS IN JEFFERSON’S LIFE
ОглавлениеFROM HIS BIRTH IN 1743 TO HIS DEATH IN 1826
| 1743.—April 2 [or 13] | Born at Shadwell, Albemarle Co., Va. |
| 1748. | Attends English School at Tuckahoe. |
| 1752. | Attends Latin School at Douglas. |
| 1757.—August 17. | Death of his father, Peter Jefferson. |
| Attends Murray School. | |
| 1760.—March 25. | Enters William and Mary College. |
| 1762.—April 25. | Graduates from William and Mary. |
| Enters law office of George Wythe. | |
| 1764. | At Williamsburg. |
| 1766. | Journeys to Annapolis, Philadelphia, and New York. |
| 1767. | Admitted to the bar from Shadwell. |
| 1769. | Elected a Burgess from Shadwell. |
| May 8. | Attends House of Burgesses. |
| At Williamsburg. | |
| 9. | Drafts resolutions in reply to Botetourt. |
| 17. | House of Burgesses dissolved. |
| Signs Non-importation Association. | |
| 1770.—Feb. 1. | House and library at Shadwell burned. |
| Argues case of Howell v. Netherland. | |
| May 11. | Attends House of Burgesses. |
| 1771. | At Monticello. |
| March 14. | Attends County Court at Albemarle. |
| 19. | Attends County Court at Augusta. |
| April 10. | Attends County Court at Williamsburg. |
| June 1. | At Monticello. |
| 11. | Attends Court at Oyer & Terminer at Williamsburg. |
| October 10. | Argues case of Godwin et al v. Lunan. |
| December 10. | Attends Court of Oyer & Terminer at Williamsburg. |
| 1772.—Jan. 1. | Marries Martha (Waylies) Skelton. |
| Sept. 27. | Birth of first daughter, Martha. |
| 1773.—March 4. | Attends House of Burgesses at Williamsburg. |
| 12. | Attends Committee of Correspondence. |
| October 14. | Appointed Surveyor of Albemarle County. |
| 1774.—April 3. | Birth of second daughter, Jane Randolph. |
| May 9. | Attends House of Burgesses. |
| July 26. | Drafts the resolutions of Albemarle Co. |
| Writes “A Summary View.” | |
| 1775.—Jan. 5. | Elected member of Albemarle Committee of Safety. |
| March 20. | Attends Convention at Richmond. |
| 23. | Placed on Committee for Defense of Colony. |
| 27. | Elected deputy delegate to the Continental Congress. |
| June 2. | On Committee to Draft Address to the Governor. |
| 10. | Prepares address to Governor Dunmore. |
| 21. | Attends Continental Congress at Philadelphia. |
| Placed on Committee to Draft Declaration on Army and Prepares draft. | |
| July 31. | Reports from Committee Draft and Reply to Lord North’s Motion. |
| August 9. | Attends at Richmond Convention of Va. |
| 11. | Reëlected member of Continental Congress. |
| 16. | Placed on Committee on Defense. |
| October 2. | Attends at Philadelphia session of Continental Congress. |
| Nov. 16. | Placed on Committee on Massachusetts Papers. |
| 23. | Placed on Committee on Currency. |
| 24. | Placed on Committee on Condition of N. C. |
| Dec. 15. | Prepares rules for Committee of Congress. |
| 22. | Placed on Committee on Business of Congress. |
| 1776.—March 31. | Death of Jefferson’s mother. |
| May 21. | Draft of Report of Congressional Committee on Letters. |
| Placed on Committee to Address Foreign Mercenaries. | |
| June 2. | Drafts Constitution for Va. |
| 5. | Placed on Committee for Procuring News and Supplies. |
| 10. | On Committee to Prepare Rules for Congress. |
| 11. | On Committee to Prepare Declaration of Independence. |
| 17. | Draft Report of such Committee. |
| 20. | Reëlected member of Congress. |
| Draft Report on Canada. | |
| 28. | Reports draft of Declaration of Independence. |
| 1776.—July 4. | Adopted Declaration. |
| 5. | Placed on Committee to Plan Seal for U. S. |
| 6. | Placed on Committee on Indian Affairs. |
| Aug. 9. | Placed on Committee to Encourage Hessians to Desert. |
| Sept. 26. | Elected Commissioner of France. |
| Oct. 11. | Placed on Committee on Propositions and Grievances. |
| On Committee on Privileges and Elections. | |
| 15. | On Committee to Draft Infantry Bill. |
| 16. | On Committee to Draft Punishment Bill. |
| 21. | On Committee to Draft Bill to Remove Seat of Government and on Committee to Draft Naturalization Bill. |
| 25. | On Committee to Draft Congress Bill. |
| 28. | On Committee to Draft Bill to Define Treason. |
| Nov. 6. | Chosen one of five to revise the laws. |
| 7. | On Committee to Draft Copper-Coinage Bill. |
| 11. | Introduces Bill to Remove Capital. |
| 1777—Dec. 13. | On Committee to Draft Tax Bill. |
| On Committee to Draft Salary Bill. | |
| 27. | On Committee to Amend Small-Pox Bill. |
| 1778.—Jan. 20. | On Committee to Draft Chancery Court Bill. |
| May 18. | On Committee to Draft Bill for Recovery of Debts. |
| June 10. | Leaves Williamsburg. |
| Aug. 1. | Third daughter born (Mary Jefferson). |
| 1779.—Jan. 22. | At Williamsburg. |
| Nov. 30. | Issues Proclamation Laying Embargo. |
| 1780.—June 1. | Reëlected Governor of Virginia. |
| Nov. 3. | Birth of fourth daughter. |
| Dec. 31. | Receives news of Leslie’s Invasion. |
| 1781.—Jan. 2. | Orders out militia. |
| Feb. 5. | Issues Proclamation Concerning Foreigners. |
| April 15. | Death of son. |
| June 1. | Resigns Governorship. |
| 14. | Appointed by Congress Peace Commissioner, which appointment he declines. |
| July. | Begins preparation of Notes on Virginia. |
| Nov. 30. | Elected delegate to Continental Congress. |
| Dec. 10. | Placed on Committee on Finance. |
| 19. | Declines appointment for Congress. |
| 1782.—Sept. | Birth of youngest daughter, Lucy Elizabeth. |
| 6. | Death of wife. |
| Nov. 12. | Appointed Peace Commissioner to Europe. |
| Dec. 19. | Arrives at Philadelphia. |
| 1783.—Feb. 14. | Departure to Europe suspended. |
| April 1. | Congress withdraws appointment. |
| June 6. | Elected delegate to Congress. |
| 10. | Drafts Constitution for Virginia. |
| Nov. 4. | Congress adjourns to Annapolis. |
| Dec. 16. | Reports on definitive treaty. |
| 22. | Reports on ceremonial for Washington. |
| 27. | Reports on ratification of treaty. |
| 1784—Jan. 14. | Reports Proclamation of British Treaty. |
| March 1. | Reports on Government for Western Territory. |
| 5. | Reports on Indiana. |
| 12. | Elected Chairman of Congress. |
| 13. | Placed on Committee on Qualifications and on Foreign Letters. |
| 30. | Elected Chairman of Congress. |
| April 5. | Prepares Notes on a Money Unit. |
| 13. | Drafts resolution concerning seat of Government. |
| May 3. | Reports ordinance for Western lands. |
| 23. | Report on Western Territory considered and adopted. |
| July 5. | Sails from Boston on ship Ceres. |
| Aug. 6. | Reaches Paris. |
| 10. | At Passy, conferring with Franklin. |
| Sept.13. | Sends the first Notes on Virginia. |
| 15. | At Versailles, with Commissioners, to meet Vergennes. |
| 16. | The Commissioners meet the British Ministers. |
| 1785.—March 10. | Elected by Congress Minister to France. |
| May 11. | Completes Notes on Virginia. |
| July 28. | Signs treaty with Prussia. |
| November. | Death in Virginia of the youngest daughter, Lucy Elizabeth. |
| 1786.—March 5. | Leaves Paris for London. |
| 22. | Presented at Windsor to the King. |
| 23. | Negotiates treaty with Portugal. |
| 26. | Prepares with Adams projet of treaty with Great Britain. |
| May 23. | Plans treaty against Barbary States. |
| Oct. 22. | Prepares map of Virginia. |
| Dec. 16. | Act of Religious Freedom passed by the Virginia Assembly. |
| 26. | Publication of French version of Notes on Virginia. |
| 1787.—Jan. 4. | Makes proposition to British creditors. |
| April, May, June. | Tour through France. |
| Sept. | Finishes map of Virginia. |
| Dec. | Publication in England of “Notes on Virginia.” |
| 1788.—Feb. 4. | Leaves Paris. |
| II. | Declines membership in Society for Abolition of Slave Trade. |
| April | Journey to Germany. |
| June 20. | Receives from Harvard degree of LL.D. |
| 1789.—May 8. | Attends the opening at Versailles of the States-General. |
| June 3. | Prepares charter for France. |
| July 17. | Views ruins of Bastille. |
| Sept. 25. | Jefferson nominated for Secretary of State. |
| 26. | Confirmed by Senate. |
| Oct. | Sails for America on the Montgomery. |
| 1790.—Feb. 14. | Accepts Secretaryship of State. |
| 28. | Arranges with Dutch bankers for a loan. |
| Marriage of Jefferson’s daughter Martha to Thomas Mann Randolph. | |
| March 29. | Takes residence in Maiden Lane, New York City. |
| Elected member of American Arts and Sciences. | |
| June 7. | Arranges with Hamilton the Assumption and Capital Compromise. |
| July 4. | Reports on coinage, weights, and measures. |
| Aug. 22. | Drafts Considerations on Navigation of Mississippi. |
| 26. | Opinion on Foreign Debt. |
| 28. | Opinion on course toward Britain and Spain. |
| Nov. 21. | Takes residence in Philadelphia. |
| Dec. 8. | Draft of paragraph for President’s Message. |
| 1791. | Prepares Report on Fisheries. |
| Reports on Algerian Prisoners. | |
| Feb. 14. | Draft of President’s Message on British Negotiations. |
| 15. | Opinion on National Bank. |
| 28. | Offers Freneau a place. |
| May. | Endorses Paine’s Rights of Man. |
| Arranges with Freneau for the publication of a paper. | |
| July. | Endeavors to have Thomas Paine appointed postmaster. |
| 1792. | Draft of President’s Message on Diplomatic Nominations. |
| 1792.—Feb. 28. | Announces to President intention to leave office. |
| May 23. | Writes to Washington of intended resignation. |
| Sept. 9. | Writes to President in defense of conduct. |
| 1793.—Jan. | Reconsiders resignation. |
| Feb. 7. | Paper on maladministration (by Hamilton) of the Treasury. |
| April 8. | Genet lands at Charleston. |
| 18. | Drafts Cabinet Opinion on Proclamation and French Minister. |
| May 8. | Opposes Hamilton’s circular to collectors. |
| July 5. | Receives call from Genet. |
| 8. | Dissents from Cabinet Opinion on Little Sarah. |
| Aug. 2. | Recall of Genet decided upon by the Cabinet. |
| 31. | Drafts Cabinet Opinion on Privateers and Prizes. |
| Nov. 16. | Borrows money. |
| 23. | Drafts Message to the President. |
| Dec. 31. | Resigns Secretaryship of State. |
| 1794.—Sept. | Offer of foreign mission. |
| 1795—Dec. | Invents mould-board for plough. |
| 1796.—May 12. | Executes mortgage on his home. |
| Nov. 4. | Elected Vice-President. |
| 1797.—Jan. | Elected President to Philosophical Society. |
| 1797.—Jan. 25. | Letter written to Mazzei (in 1796) printed in Paris. |
| March 4. | Sworn in as Vice-President. |
| 5. | Offer of French Mission. |
| May 14. | Mazzei letter printed in America. |
| Oct. 13. | Marriage of Maria Jefferson to John Waylies Eppes. |
| 1798.—Feb. 19. | X Y Z Message. |
| July 6. | Passage of the Alien Bill. |
| 14. | Passage of the Sedition Bill. |
| Oct. | Draft of the Kentucky Resolutions. |
| Nov. 14. | Kentucky Legislature adopts resolutions. |
| 15. | Refuses Virginia Resolutions of Madison. |
| 1800.—Jan. 18. | Drafts plan for the University of Va. |
| Feb. | Prepares Parliamentary Manual. |
| May. | Republican Caucus nominates Jefferson and Burr. |
| June. | Removal of the capital to Washington. |
| Dec. 14. | Offers Secretaryship of Navy to Livingston. |
| 1801.—Feb. 17. | Election of Jefferson as President. |
| 18. | Offers Secretaryship of War to Dearborn. |
| 24. | Offers French Mission to Livingston. |
| 1801—Feb. 28. | Farewell speech to Senate. |
| March 4. | Inauguration of Jefferson as President. |
| 5. | Nominates Madison, Dearborn, and Lincoln to Cabinet. |
| 9. | Cabinet remits fines under Sedition Law. |
| 18. | Offers Paine passage on public vessel. |
| May 14. | Appoints Gallatin Secretary of Treasury. |
| 15. | Cabinet discusses Barbary War. |
| Squadron ordered to Mediterranean. | |
| July 15. | Appoints Robert Smith Secretary of Navy. |
| Nov. 28. | Appoints Granger Postmaster-General. |
| 1803.—Jan. 11. | Nominates Monroe Joint Minister to France. |
| 18. | Sends secret message on Lewis and Clark Expedition. |
| April. | Prepares estimate of Christ. |
| 11. | Talleyrand offers to sell Louisiana. |
| May 2. | Louisiana treaty signed at Paris. |
| July. | Frames Louisiana Amendment to the Constitution. |
| 24. | Appoints Monroe Minister to Great Britain. |
| Oct. 20. | Louisiana treaty ratified by Senate. |
| 1804.—Jan. 8. | Offers Monroe Governorship of Louisiana. |
| Feb. 18. | Approves act organizing Louisiana and Orleans. |
| April 17. | Death of daughter Mary. |
| May 26. | Appoints Monroe Minister to Spain. |
| Nov. | Reëlected President of United States. |
| 19. | Nominates Bowdoin Minister to Spain. |
| 1805.—March 2. | Appoints Robert Smith Attorney-General. |
| Appoints Jacob Crowninshield Secretary of Navy. | |
| 4. | Inaugurated as President. |
| August. | Prepares Note on Conduct 1780-1. |
| Suggests alliance with Great Britain. | |
| Dec. 20. | Nominates John Breckenridge Attorney-General |
| 1806.—Feb. 24. | Aids Barlow to Draft Bill for a National University. |
| 28. | Nominated Bowdoin and Armstrong Joint Commissioners to Spain. |
| April 19. | Writes letter to Alexander of Russia. |
| Nominates Monroe and Pinkney Joint Commissioners. | |
| Oct. 25. | Cabinet decision on Burr. |
| Nov. 8. | Orders to Wilkinson, in re Burr. |
| 1807.—Jan. 28. | Sends additional message to Burr. |
| 31. | Sends message to Cumberland Road. |
| 1807.—Feb. 22. | Cabinet Council on British negotiations. |
| Feb. 28. | Writes to King of Holland. |
| March 2. | Sends Bill to End Slave Trade. |
| 30. | Beginning of trial of Burr. |
| June 22. | Capture of the Chesapeake. |
| Sept. I. | Proposes to seize the Floridas. |
| II. | Acquittal of Burr. |
| Nov. II. | Great Britain extends Orders in Council. |
| Dec. 22. | Signs Embargo Act. |
| 1808.—Jan. 23. | Refuses to recommend Fast Day. |
| Feb. 19. | Sends message on Cumberland Road. |
| 29. | Sends reply to New York Society of St. Tammany. |
| April 19. | Issues Proclamation on Embargo. |
| 1809.—Jan. 17. | Forced to borrow money. |
| March I. | Sends repeal of Embargo. |
| 4. | Sends reply to citizens of Washington. Close of Presidential term. |
| Issues circular letter on Public Appointments. | |
| 1811.—Jan. | Urges seizures of the Floridas. |
| 1812.—April 12. | Sends Wirt his recollections of Patrick Henry. |
| Dec. 17. | Writes sketch of Meriwether Lewis. |
| 1813.—July. | Sells Mazzei’s property in Richmond and borrows purchase money. |
| 1814.—Sept. 21. | Offers Library to Congress. |
| Nov. 21. | Resigns presidency of American Philosophical Society. |
| 1815.—Jan. | Congress passes Bill to Purchase Library. |
| Completes scheme for the University of Va. | |
| 1816.—July 10. | Writes sketch of Peyton Randolph. |
| Oct. 16. | Writes inscription for National Capitol. |
| 1818—Sept. I. | Writes Anecdotes of Franklin. |
| 1822.—May. | Writes answer to “A Native of Virginia.” |
| 1825.—Dec. | Drafts Protest for Virginia. |
| 1826.—March 16. | Executes will. |
| July 4. | Death of Jefferson. |
