Читать книгу Snyder and Champness Molecular Genetics of Bacteria - Tina M. Henkin - Страница 17

The eukaryotes are members of the third domain of organisms on Earth, which branches out of the archaea. This domain includes organisms as variable as plants, animals, fungi, and the highly diverse protists. The name “eukaryote” is derived from the presence of their nuclear membrane. Eukaryotic cells usually have a nucleus, and the word karyon in Greek means “nut,” which is what the nucleus must have resembled to early cytologists. The eukaryotes can be unicellular, like yeasts, protozoans, and some types of algae, or they can be multicellular, like plants and animals. In spite of their widely diverse appearances, lifestyles, and relative complexity, however, all eukaryotes are remarkably similar at the biochemical level, particularly in their pathways for macromolecular synthesis.