Читать книгу Making Out in Japanese - Todd Geers - Страница 8
Оглавление1 What’s Up?
Hello! Hi!
Ohayō!
おはよう！
Kon’nichi-wa!
こんにちは！
Konban-wa!
こんばんは！
Ohayō! is used in the morning, say until 10 a.m., and with people you’re seeing for the first time that day. Kon’nichiwa! is for the daytime, and Konban-wa! for the evening. As everyday phrases, there are many variations and contractions of these, formal and informal, and they differ between regions of Japan—but these are the universal standards!
Haven’t seen you around for a while.
Hisashiburi.
久ひさしぶり。
Hisashiburi-dayo-ne.
久ひさしぶりだよね。
This is the first of many overused phrases you’ll come across in this book; Hisashiburi is a natural and integral part of a greeting to someone you haven’t seen for a while.
How are you?
Genki?
元げん気き?
How’s it going?
Genki datta?
元げん気きだった？
Saikin dō? Genki?
最さい近きんどう? 元げん気き?
So we’ve met again.
Mata atta-ne.
また会あったね。
I wanted to see you/I missed you.
Aitakatta.
会あいたかった。
You can use this to a friend (as in “I missed you”) or to your lover (as in “I was lonely without you”), though naturally you’ll put more feeling into the latter. It can also be used about a third person.
How have you been doing (recently)?
(Saikin) DM shiteta?
(最さい近きん) どうしてた？
(Saikin) Nani shiteta?
(最さい近きん) 何なにしてた？
What have you been doing?
Nani yatteta-no?
何なにやってたの？
Usually for asking what’s happened just before or just recently (e.g. in the last week).
What’s up?
Nan-ka kawatta-koto atta?
何なんか変かわったことあった?
Not used as a first greeting, and more appropriate for someone you haven’t seen for a while (e.g. a week, a month), especially if you think something might have changed. It literally means “Has something special (unusual) happened to you?” Answers could be Betsu-ni 別べつに, Nani-mo 何なにも (“Nothing much”), or a description of whatever has happened.
What’s happening?
Dō shita-no?
どうしたの？
You know what’s going on, but you missed a bit of it.
Nani-ka atta-no?
何なにかあったの？
For when you don’t know what’s going on.
What have you been talking about?
Nani hanashiteta-no?
何なに話はなしてたの？
Nothing much.
Betsu-ni nani-mo.
別べつに何なにも。
Betsu-ni.
別べつに。
Nani-mo.
何なにも。
Toku-ni (nai)
特とくに（ない）。
Nothing special.
Betsu-ni kawan’nai.
別べつに変かわんない。
Aikawarazu.
相あい変かわらず。
Okay, I guess.
Anmari.
あんまり。
I’m fine.
Genki.
元げん気き。
Genki-yo. ♀
元げん気きよ。
Genki-dayo. ♂
元げん気きだよ。
Māne.
まあね。
So-so/Not good, not bad.
Mā-mā.
まあまあ。
What’s wrong?
Dōka shita-no?
どうかしたの？
Nan-ka atta-no?
何なにかあったの？
These are general enquiries about whether something is wrong, in a situation where you haven’t noticed any particular problem.
Dō shita-no?
どうしたの？
Asking this shows that you are much more sure (than with the above two phrases) that something is wrong, and so it should be voiced with more concern.
Dō shitan-dayo? ♂
どうしたんだよ？
You ask this when there is clearly a problem, e.g. if the other person suddenly stops talking in the middle of a conversation.
I’m really busy (with work/university).
(Shigoto/Daigaku-de) tottemo isogashii.
(仕事し ごと・大学だい がくで) とっても忙いそがしい。
I’m (a bit) sick.
(Chotto) byōki-da.
(ちょっと)病気びょう きだ。
I’ve got a cold.
Chotto kaze(-o) hi’iteru.
ちょっと風邪か ぜ(を)ひいてる。
I’m (a bit) depressed.
(Chotto) ochikonderu.
(ちょっと) 落おち込こんでる。
I’m tired.
Tsukareteru/Tsukareta.
疲つかれてる/疲つかれた。
Tsukareteru is used in the general sense, whereas Tsukareta is more commonly used after an event or a hard day’s work.
I’m sleepy.
Nemui.
眠ねむい。
I’m not sleepy.
Nemuku-nai.
眠ねむくない。
That’s a bummer/tough!
Taihen-dane!
大たい変へんだね!
Taihen-dana! ♂
大たい変へんだな!
This is a classic Japanese expression of sympathy, disappointment, frustration. It’s very flexible, and how you voice it adapts it to the situation. An understanding tone conveys sympathy with the other person’s problems, or by adding force you show frustration with your own problems, which you can emphasize by making it Taihendayo! 大変たい へんだよ!
That can’t be helped/There’s nothing you can do about it.
Shikata (-ga) nai-ne.
仕し方かた (が) ないね。
That’s unfortunate/That's a shame.
Zan’nen-dane.
残念ざん ねんだね。
Along with Taihen, these are more overworked phrases. Shikata nai-ne especially expresses a sense of helplessness—“A decision has been made higher up, and it’s final.” A sympathetic tone shows that you share the other person’s feelings.
It’ll be okay/It’ll work out.
Nantoka naru-yo.
何なんとかなるよ。
Cheer up!
Genki dashite!
元げん気き出だして！
Genki dase-yo! ♂
元げん気き出だせよ！
These sorts of phrases will suffice for most greetings. The Japanese tend not to go into a lot of detail nor openly say what they think, especially in simple conversations, unless they’re really excited or frustrated etc. Take your cues from those around you about how elaborate your explanations should be—as much as you can, fitting in is important!
What’s on your mind?
Nani kangaeten-no?
何なに考かんがえてんの？
Nothing.
Betsu-ni.
別べつに。
Nan-demo nai-yo.
何なんでもないよ。
Nani-mo.
何なにも。
Nan-demo nai-yo is a response to “What’s wrong?” or “What’s on your mind?” Nani-mo is a response to many questions, showing that there’s nothing on your mind, that you don’t want to say anything, or there’s nothing happening.
I was just thinking.
Kangae-goto shiteta.
考かんがえ事ごとしてた。
These answers show that you were thinking, but don’t have anything to say about it.
Chotto-ne.
ちょっとね。
Chotto-ne shows that you were thinking, and invites the other person to ask about it.
I was just daydreaming.
Bōtto shiteta.
ぼーっとしてた。
Leave me alone!
Hottoite!
ほっといて！
It’s none of your business!
Kankei nai-desho! ♀
関かん係けいないでしょ！
Kankei nai-darō! ♂
関かん係けいないだろう！
Yokei-na osewa!
よけいなお世話せ わ!
Is Sally okay?
Sarī genki?
サリー元気げん き?
How’s Sally doing?
Sarī dō shiteru?
サリーどうしてる？
The answer to Sarī genki? will usually be “She’s okay.” and the answer to Sarī dō shiteru? will usually be “She’s okay. She has been doing. . .” Genki. . . shiteru 元気げん き. . . してる。 or “She’s okay. She went to...” Genki... ni itta 元気げん き...に行いった。 Dō shiteru? should solicit a longer answer.
Seen Jeff?
Jeffu minakatta?
ジェフ見みなかった？
I saw/met Kerry.
Kerii-ni atta.
ケリーに会あった。
I want to see you soon.
Sugu(-ni) aitai.
すぐ (に) 会あいたい。
See you later.
Jā mata-ne.
じゃあまたね。
Mata-ne.
またね。
Mata.
また。
Goodbye.
Sayōnara.
さようなら。
Bai-bai.
バイバイ。
