Читать книгу The 2010 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency - Страница 172

Flag description:

green field with a large red disk shifted slightly to the hoist side of center; the red disk represents the rising sun and the sacrifice to achieve independence; the green field symbolizes the lush vegetation of Bangladesh

National anthem:

name: "Amar Shonar Bangla" (My Golden Bengal)

lyrics/music: Rabindranath TAGORE

note: adopted 1971; Rabindranath TAGORE, a Nobel laureate, also wrote India's national anthem

Economy ::Bangladesh

Economy - overview:

The economy has grown 5–6% per year since 1996 despite political instability, poor infrastructure, corruption, insufficient power supplies, and slow implementation of economic reforms. Bangladesh remains a poor, overpopulated, and inefficiently-governed nation. Although more than half of GDP is generated through the service sector, 45% of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector, with rice as the single-most-important product. Bangladesh's growth was resilient during the 2008–09 global financial crisis and recession. Garment exports, totaling $12.3 billion in FY09 and remittances from overseas Bangladeshis totaling $9.7 billion in FY09 accounted for almost 25% of GDP.

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$259.3 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 47 $244.6 billion (2009 est.)

$231.4 billion (2008 est.)

note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):

$105.4 billion (2010 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:

6% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 36 5.7% (2009 est.)

6% (2008 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$1,700 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 196 $1,600 (2009 est.)

$1,500 (2008 est.)

note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 18.4%

industry: 28.7%

services: 52.9% (2010 est.)

Labor force:

73.87 million country comparison to the world: 8 note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Qatar, and Malaysia; workers' remittances estimated at $10.9 billion in 2009–10 (2010 est.)

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 45%

industry: 30%

services: 25% (2008)

Unemployment rate:

5.1% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 47 5.1% (2009 est.)

note: about 40% of the population is underemployed; many participants in the labor force work only a few hours a week, at low wages

Population below poverty line:

36.3% (2008 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%: 8.8%

highest 10%: 26.6% (2008 est.)

Distribution of family income - Gini index:

33.2 (2005) country comparison to the world: 94 33.6 (1996)

Investment (gross fixed):

23.8% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 48

Public debt:

39.3% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 74 39.7% of GDP (2009 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

8.1% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 188 5.4% (2009 est.)

Central bank discount rate:

5% (31 October 2010) country comparison to the world: 86 5% (31 December 2008)

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

14.6% (31 December 2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 38 16.38% (31 December 2008 est.)

Stock of narrow money:

$13.98 billion (31 December 2010 est) country comparison to the world: 67 $10.92 billion (31 December 2009 est)

Stock of broad money:

$57.21 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 64 $63.03 billion (31 December 2009)

Stock of domestic credit:

$62.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 60 $53.77 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares:

$7.068 billion (31 December 2009) country comparison to the world: 74 $6.671 billion (31 December 2008)

$6.793 billion (31 December 2007)

Agriculture - products:

rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, tobacco, pulses, oilseeds, spices, fruit; beef, milk, poultry

Industries:

cotton textiles, jute, garments, tea processing, paper newsprint, cement, chemical fertilizer, light engineering, sugar

Industrial production growth rate:

6.4% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 50

Electricity - production:

25.62 billion kWh (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 66

Electricity - consumption:

23.94 billion kWh (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 65

Electricity - exports:

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity - imports:

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Oil - production:

5,733 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 91

Oil - consumption:

96,000 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 76

Oil - exports:

2,612 bbl/day (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 109

Oil - imports:

87,660 bbl/day (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 67

Oil - proved reserves:

28 million bbl (1 January 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 82

Natural gas - production:

19.7 billion cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 32

Natural gas - consumption:

19.7 billion cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 35

Natural gas - exports:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 199

Natural gas - imports:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 199

Natural gas - proved reserves:

195.4 billion cu m (1 January 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 46

Current account balance:

$3.734 billion (2010) country comparison to the world: 34 $2.416 billion (2009)

Exports:

$16.24 billion (2010) country comparison to the world: 73 $15.58 billion (2009)

Exports - commodities:

garments, frozen fish and seafood, jute and jute goods, leather

Exports - partners:

US 22.5%, Germany 14.2%, UK 9.6%, France 7%, Netherlands 6.4% (2009)

Imports:

$21.34 billion (2010) country comparison to the world: 68 $20.3 billion (2009)

Imports - commodities:

machinery and equipment, chemicals, iron and steel, textiles, foodstuffs, petroleum products, cement

Imports - partners:

China 16.16%, India 12.61%, Singapore 7.55%, Japan 4.63%, Malaysia 4.46% (2009)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$10.79 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 53 $10.34 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Debt - external:

$24.46 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 69 $24.22 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:

$6.72 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 83 $5.617 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:

$82 million (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 80 $81 million (31 December 2009 est.)

Exchange rates:

taka (BDT) per US dollar - 70.59 (2010), 69.039 (2009), 68.554 (2008), 69.893 (2007), 69.031 (2006)

Communications ::Bangladesh

Telephones - main lines in use:

1.522 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 63

Telephones - mobile cellular:

50.4 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 24

Telephone system:

general assessment: inadequate for a modern country; introducing digital systems; trunk systems include VHF and UHF microwave radio relay links, and some fiber-optic cable in cities

domestic: fixed-line teledensity remains only about 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone subscribership has been increasing rapidly and now exceeds 30 telephones per 100 persons

international: country code - 880; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-4 fiber-optic submarine cable system that provides links to Europe, the Middle East, and Asia; satellite earth stations - 6; international radiotelephone communications and landline service to neighboring countries (2009)