Читать книгу The 2010 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency - Страница 302

Flag description:

three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; the flag combines the blue and red French (former colonial) colors with the red and yellow of the Pan-African colors; blue symbolizes the sky, hope, and the south of the country, which is relatively well-watered; yellow represents the sun, as well as the desert in the north of the country; red stands for progress, unity, and sacrifice

note: similar to the flag of Romania; also similar to the flags of Andorra and Moldova, both of which have a national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; design was based on the flag of France

National anthem:

name: "La Tchadienne" (The Chadian)

lyrics/music: Louis GIDROL and his students/Paul VILLARD

note: adopted 1960

Economy ::Chad

Economy - overview:

Chad's primarily agricultural economy will continue to be boosted by major foreign direct investment projects in the oil sector that began in 2000. At least 80% of Chad's population relies on subsistence farming and livestock raising for its livelihood. Chad's economy has long been handicapped by its landlocked position, high energy costs, and a history of instability. Chad relies on foreign assistance and foreign capital for most public and private sector investment projects. A consortium led by two US companies has been investing $3.7 billion to develop oil reserves - estimated at 1 billion barrels - in southern Chad. Chinese companies are also expanding exploration efforts and are currently building a 300-km pipleline and the country's first refinery. The nation's total oil reserves are estimated at 1.5 billion barrels. Oil production came on stream in late 2003. Chad began to export oil in 2004. Cotton, cattle, and gum arabic provide the bulk of Chad's non-oil export earnings.

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$18.56 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 128 $18.2 billion (2009 est.)

$18.49 billion (2008 est.)

note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):

$7.592 billion (2010 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:

2% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 148 −1.6% (2009 est.)

10.7% (2008 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$1,800 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 192 $1,800 (2009 est.)

$1,800 (2008 est.)

note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 50.5%

industry: 7%

services: 42.5% (2010 est.)

Labor force:

4.293 million (2007) country comparison to the world: 83

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 80% (subsistence farming, herding, and fishing)

industry and services: 20% (2006 est.)

Unemployment rate:

NA% est.)

Population below poverty line:

80% (2001 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%: 2.6%

highest 10%: 30.8% (2003)

Investment (gross fixed):

14.8% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 131

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

4% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 114 10% (2009 est.)

Central bank discount rate:

4.25% (31 December 2009) country comparison to the world: 93 4.75% (31 December 2008)

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

NA% (31 December 2009 est.)

NA% (31 December 2008 est.)

Stock of narrow money:

$920.9 million (31 December 2010 est) country comparison to the world: 139 $937.8 million (31 December 2009 est)

Stock of broad money:

$1.257 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 154 $1.008 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of domestic credit:

$943.8 million (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 151 $566.9 million (31 December 2009 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares: