Читать книгу The 2010 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency - Страница 364

Electricity - production:

8.217 billion kWh (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 98

Electricity - consumption:

5.997 billion kWh (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 105

Electricity - exports:

1.916 billion kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity - imports:

6 million kWh (2007 est.)

Oil - production:

16,360 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 78

Oil - consumption:

10,000 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 148

Oil - exports:

20,090 bbl/day (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 91

Oil - imports:

11,350 bbl/day (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 136

Oil - proved reserves:

180 million bbl (1 January 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 60

Natural gas - production:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 183

Natural gas - consumption:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 195

Natural gas - exports:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 186

Natural gas - imports:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 188

Natural gas - proved reserves:

991.1 million cu m (1 January 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 98

Current account balance:

-$1.47 billion (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 150 -$402 million (2007 est.)

Exports:

$3.8 billion (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 119 $6.6 billion (2008 est.)

Exports - commodities:

diamonds, gold, copper, cobalt, wood products, crude oil, coffee

Exports - partners:

China 46.75%, US 15.35%, Belgium 10.68%, Zambia 5.78%, Finland 4.38% (2009)

Imports:

$5.2 billion (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 111 $6.7 billion (2008 est.)

Imports - commodities:

foodstuffs, mining and other machinery, transport equipment, fuels

Imports - partners:

South Africa 18.22%, Belgium 10.2%, China 8.34%, Zambia 7.77%, France 7.28%, Zimbabwe 6.52%, Kenya 5.48%, Netherlands 4.13%, Italy 3.96% (2009)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$1.01 billion (March 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 110 $1 billion (December 2009 est.)

Debt - external:

$4.3 billion (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 112 $12.7 billion (2008 est.)

Exchange rates:

Congolese francs (CDF) per US dollar - 930 (2010), 810 (2009), 559 (2008), 516 (2007), 464.69 (2006)

Communications ::Congo, Democratic Republic of the

Telephones - main lines in use:

40,000 (2009) country comparison to the world: 167

Telephones - mobile cellular:

10.163 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 63

Telephone system:

general assessment: barely adequate wire and microwave radio relay service in and between urban areas; domestic satellite system with 14 earth stations; inadequate fixed line infrastructure

domestic: state-owned operator providing less than 1 fixed-line connection per 1000 persons; given the backdrop of a wholly inadequate fixed-line infrastructure, the use of mobile-cellular services has surged and subscribership in 2009 exceeded 10 million - roughly 15 per 100 persons

international: country code - 243; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2009)

Broadcast media:

state-owned TV broadcast station with near national coverage; more than a dozen privately-owned TV stations with 2 having near national coverage; 2 state-owned radio stations are supplemented by more than 100 private radio stations; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are available (2007)

Internet country code:

.cd

Internet hosts:

3,006 (2010) country comparison to the world: 146

Internet users:

290,000 (2008) country comparison to the world: 131

Transportation ::Congo, Democratic Republic of the

Airports:

198 (2010) country comparison to the world: 31

Airports - with paved runways:

total: 26

over 3,047 m: 4

2,438 to 3,047 m: 2

1,524 to 2,437 m: 17

914 to 1,523 m: 2

under 914 m: 1 (2010)

Airports - with unpaved runways:

total: 172

1,524 to 2,437 m: 20

914 to 1,523 m: 91

under 914 m: 61 (2010)

Pipelines:

gas 37 km; oil 39 km; refined products 756 km (2009)

Railways:

total: 4,007 km country comparison to the world: 42 narrow gauge: 3,882 km 1.067-m gauge (858 km electrified); 125 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)

Roadways:

total: 153,497 km country comparison to the world: 34 paved: 2,794 km

unpaved: 150,703 km (2004)

Waterways:

15,000 km (including the Congo, its tributaries, and unconnected lakes) (2009) country comparison to the world: 8

Merchant marine:

total: 1 country comparison to the world: 158 by type: petroleum tanker 1

foreign-owned: 1 (Republic of the Congo 1) (2010)

Ports and terminals:

Banana, Boma, Bukavu, Bumba, Goma, Kalemie, Kindu, Kinshasa,

Kisangani, Matadi, Mbandaka

Military ::Congo, Democratic Republic of the

Military branches:

Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Forces

d'Armees de la Republique Democratique du Congo, FARDC): Army,

National Navy (La Marine Nationale), Congolese Air Force (Force

Aerienne Congolaise, FAC) (2010)

Military service age and obligation:

18–45 years of age for voluntary military service (2009)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16–49: 15,192,858 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16–49: 9,301,818

females age 16–49: 9,440,111 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

male: 842,020

female: 839,044 (2010 est.)

Military expenditures:

2.5% of GDP (2006) country comparison to the world: 59

Transnational Issues ::Congo, Democratic Republic of the

Disputes - international:

heads of the Great Lakes states and UN pledged in 2004 to abate tribal, rebel, and militia fighting in the region, including northeast Congo, where the UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC), organized in 1999, maintains over 16,500 uniformed peacekeepers; members of Uganda's Lords Resistance Army forces continue to seek refuge in Congo's Garamba National Park as peace talks with the Uganda government evolve; the location of the boundary in the broad Congo River with the Republic of the Congo is indefinite except in the Pool Malebo/Stanley Pool area; Uganda and DROC dispute Rukwanzi island in Lake Albert and other areas on the Semliki River with hydrocarbon potential; boundary commission continues discussions over Congolese-administered triangle of land on the right bank of the Lunkinda river claimed by Zambia near the DROC village of Pweto

Refugees and internally displaced persons:

refugees (country of origin): 132,295 (Angola); 37,313 (Rwanda); 17,777 (Burundi); 13,904 (Uganda); 6,181 (Sudan); 5,243 (Republic of Congo)

IDPs: 1.4 million (fighting between government forces and rebels since mid-1990s; most IDPs are in eastern provinces) (2007)

Trafficking in persons:

current situation: Democratic Republic of the Congo is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to trafficking for the purposes of forced labor and forced prostitution; the majority of this trafficking is internal, and much of it is perpetrated by armed groups and government forces outside government control within the country's unstable eastern provinces

tier rating: Tier 3 - Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government did not show evidence of progress in prosecuting and punishing labor or sex trafficking offenders, including members of its own armed forces; providing protective services for the vast majority of trafficking victims; or raising public awareness of human trafficking; in addition, the government's anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts decreased during the reporting period (2010)

Illicit drugs:

one of Africa's biggest producers of cannabis, but mostly for domestic consumption; traffickers exploit lax shipping controls to transit pseudoephedrine through the capital; while rampant corruption and inadequate supervision leaves the banking system vulnerable to money laundering, the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center (2008)

page last updated on January 20, 2011

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@Congo, Republic of the (Africa)

Introduction ::Congo, Republic of the

Background:

Upon independence in 1960, the former French region of Middle Congo became the Republic of the Congo. A quarter century of experimentation with Marxism was abandoned in 1990 and a democratically elected government took office in 1992. A brief civil war in 1997 restored former Marxist President Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO, and ushered in a period of ethnic and political unrest. Southern-based rebel groups agreed to a final peace accord in March 2003, but the calm is tenuous and refugees continue to present a humanitarian crisis. The Republic of Congo was once one of Africa's largest petroleum producers, but with declining production it will need new offshore oil finds to sustain its oil earnings over the long term.

Geography ::Congo, Republic of the

Location:

Western Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Angola and Gabon

Geographic coordinates: