Читать книгу The 2008 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency - Страница 497

Exchange rates:

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 481.83 (2007), 522.89 (2006), 527.47 (2005), 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003)

Communications

Gabon

Telephones - main lines in use:

26,500 (2007)

Telephones - mobile cellular:

1.169 million (2007)

Telephone system:

general assessment: adequate service by African standards and improving with the help of a growing mobile cell network system with multiple providers; mobile-cellular subscribership reached 80 per 100 persons in 2007 domestic: adequate system of cable, microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, radiotelephone communication stations, and a domestic satellite system with 12 earth stations international: country code - 241; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)

Radio broadcast stations:

AM 6, FM 7 (plus 11 repeaters), shortwave 4 (2001)

Radios:

208,000 (1997)

Television broadcast stations:

4 (plus 4 repeaters) (2001)

Televisions:

63,000 (1997)

Internet country code:

.ga

Internet hosts:

88 (2008)

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

1 (2001)

Internet users:

145,000 (2007)

Transportation

Gabon

Airports:

53 (2007)

Airports - with paved runways:

total: 10 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)

Airports - with unpaved runways:

total: 43 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 23 (2007)

Pipelines:

gas 384 km; oil 1,427 km (2007)

Railways:

total: 814 km standard gauge: 814 km 1.435-m gauge (2006)

Roadways:

total: 9,170 km paved: 937 km unpaved: 8,233 km (2004)

Waterways:

1,600 km (310 km on Ogooue River) (2007)

Merchant marine:

registered in other countries: 2 (Cambodia 1, Panama 1) (2008)

Ports and terminals:

Gamba, Libreville, Lucinda, Port-Gentil

Military

Gabon

Military branches:

Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police

Military service age and obligation:

20 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2007)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16–49: 331,181 females age 16–49: 332,498 (2008 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16–49: 192,717 females age 16–49: 188,539 (2008 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

male: 16,558 female: 16,577 (2008 est.)

Military expenditures:

3.4% of GDP (2005 est.)

Transnational Issues

Gabon

Disputes - international:

UN urges Equatorial Guinea and Gabon to resolve the sovereignty dispute over Gabon-occupied Mbane Island and lesser islands and to establish a maritime boundary in hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay

Refugees and internally displaced persons:

refugees (country of origin): 7,178 (Republic of Congo) (2007)

Trafficking in persons:

current situation: Gabon is predominantly a destination country for children trafficked from other African countries for the purpose of forced labor; girls are primarily trafficked for domestic servitude, forced market vending, forced restaurant labor, and sexual exploitation, while boys are trafficked for forced street hawking and forced labor in small workshops tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Gabon is on the Tier 2 Watch List for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat human trafficking in 2007, particularly in terms of efforts to convict and punish trafficking offenders; the government has not reported the convictions or sentences of any trafficking offenders; the government did not take steps to reduce demand for commercial sex acts (2008)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

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@Gambia, The

Introduction

Gambia, The

Background:

The Gambia gained its independence from the UK in 1965. Geographically surrounded by Senegal, it formed a short-lived federation of Senegambia between 1982 and 1989. In 1991 the two nations signed a friendship and cooperation treaty, but tensions have flared up intermittently since then. Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH led a military coup in 1994 that overthrew the president and banned political activity. A new constitution and presidential elections in 1996, followed by parliamentary balloting in 1997, completed a nominal return to civilian rule. JAMMEH has been elected president in all subsequent elections, including most recently in late 2006.

Geography

Gambia, The

Location:

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and Senegal

Geographic coordinates: