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Pentapsychology studies the properties of five components (instances) of personality, which, when performing their functions, dominate the personality in turn. And here the question arises about the supported hierarchy of personality instances.

A person has freedom of choice and can establish in his personality any hierarchy of personality instances. A person’s behavior and the effectiveness of his activities largely depend on the supported hierarchy of personality instances.

In pentapsychology, five instances of personality are designated: three instances of consciousness 5-Soul, 4-Heart, 1-Mind and two instances of the unconscious 3-Irratio, 2-Ratio. In this designation, the numbers 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 show the place of personality instance in natural, harmonious hierarchy of personality instances, from top to bottom, 54321-hierarchy.

Pentapsychology discovered a fundamental property of personality: a harmonious hierarchy of instances of individual consciousness – 541-hierarchy: 5-Soul – in first place, 4-Heart – in second, 1-Mind – in third place.

In 2010, using pentapsychology methods, the effect of innate dominance of personality instances was discovered [4].

Depending on the date of birth of a person, the five instances of his personality differ significantly from each other in the degree of innate dominance. The octanalytic personality formula and the octanalytic personality code show the degree of innate dominance of each of five personality instances.

The innate dominance of personality instances significantly influences a person’s behavior and the effectiveness of his activities. The degree of innate dominance of personality instance persists throughout a person’s life and makes it possible to predict the characteristics of a person’s behavior in various life situations [13—18].

Age-related pentapsychology notes that five personality instances begin to show age-related activity at different periods of a person’s life in the sequence: 3-Irratio, 2-Ratio, 1-Mind, 4-Heart, 5-Soul.

In the prenatal period, from conception to the birth of a child, only one instance of the unconscious 3-Irratio shows age-related activity in the child’s personality.

During the period of innocent childhood, from birth to 1.5 – 2 years, two instances of the unconscious, 3-Irratio and 2-Ratio, show age-related activity in the baby’s personality.

In the preschool period, from 1.5 – 2 years to 6 years, three instances of Stephen Karpman’s dramatic triangle show age-related activity in the child’s personality: two instances of the unconscious 3-Irratio (role Victim), 2-Ratio (role Rescuer) and one instance of consciousness 1-Mind (role Pursuer).

During the school period, from 6 years to 18 years, in personality of a child or teenager, already four instances show age-related activity: two instances of the unconscious 3-Irratio, 2-Ratio and two instances of consciousness 4-Heart, 1-Mind. During this period, a crisis of adolescence may manifest itself: the dual power of the instances of consciousness 4-Heart (friendliness) and 1-Mind (selfishness). As soon as the choice of consciousness instances hierarchy is made (41-hierarchy or 14-hierarchy), the crisis ends.

During the period of adult life, from the age of 18, all five personality instances show age-related activity in personality of an adult: two instances of the unconscious 3-Irratio, 2-Ratio and three instances of consciousness 5-Soul, 4-Heart, 1-Mind. During this period, a midlife crisis may manifest itself: the dual power of consciousness instances 4-Heart (friendliness) and 5-Soul (altruism). As soon as the choice of consciousness instances hierarchy is made (45-hierarchy or 54-hierarchy), the crisis ends.

Properties of emotionally unstable instances of the unconscious:

– instance-extrovert 3-Irratio – creativity, irrationality, spontaneity of actions, in Eric Berne’s transactional analysis the state Child, according to Stephen Karpman the role of Victim, the temperament type choleric;

– instance-introvert 2-Ratio – rational, logical actions, following traditions, laws, agreements, practicality of actions, in Eric Berne’s transactional analysis the state Parent, according to Stephen Karpman the role Rescuer, the temperament type melancholic.

Properties of emotionally stable instances of consciousness:

– instance-extrovert 1-Mind – intellectual abilities, building relationships according to the scheme “I am higher, you are lower”, egoism, a sense of superiority, unprincipledness, deceit, aggressiveness, betrayal, according to Stephen Karpman the role Persecutor, the desire for entertainment, getting personal pleasure, enjoyment, conspicuous consumption, the tendency to give preference to short-term happiness over long-term satisfaction and personal growth, the temperament type sanguine, the implementation of independent conscious intellectual choice;

– instance-introvert 4-Heart – managerial abilities, building relationships according to the scheme “I and you are on the same level”, friendliness, equality, brotherhood, heartfelt relationships, in Eric Berne’s transactional analysis the state Adult, the temperament type phlegmatic, the implementation of independent conscious management choice;

– instance-extrovert 5-Soul – building relationships according to the scheme “You are higher, I am lower”, altruism, submission, service, devotion, sacrifice, the temperament type sanguine, the implementation of independent conscious emotional choice.

Age-related pentapsychology notes that three instances of consciousness (5-Soul, 4-Heart, 1-Mind) begin to show age-related activity in the sequence: 1-Mind (from 1.5 – 2 years of age), 4-Heart (from 6 years of age), 5-Soul (from 18 years of age). Such a sequence is directly opposite to the irreproachable 541-hierarchy of consciousness instances and is the reason for the emergence in a person of a false idea of reality.

In the absence of purposeful, systematic formation of the personality of a child or teenager, he may have the erroneous idea that the 145-hierarchy is a natural hierarchy of consciousness instances and this hierarchy must be observed.

Depending on the innate dominant properties of the individual, living conditions and upbringing, a teenager can be formed a 14-hierarchy or 41-hierarchy of consciousness instances, and an adult can be formed a 145-, 154-, 415-, 451-, 514- or 541-hierarchy of consciousness instances.

When forming a harmoniously developed personality in a child, teenager, or adult, the task of pedagogy is, first of all, the formation in their consciousness of a harmonious 541-hierarchy of instances.