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ROMANCE AND THE OLD FRENCH ROMANTIC SCHOOLS

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Table of Contents

Romance an element in Epic and Tragedy apart from all "romantic schools" 321
The literary movements of the twelfth century 322
A new beginning 323
The Romantic School unromantic in its methods 324
Professional Romance 325
Characteristics of the school—courteous sentiment 328
Decorative passages—descriptions—pedantry 329
Instances from Roman de Troie and from Ider, etc. 330 331
Romantic adventures—the "matter of Rome" and the "matter of Britain" 334
Blending of classical and Celtic influences—e.g. in Benoit's Medea 334
Methods of narrative—simple, as in the Lay of Guingamor; overloaded, as in Walewein 337
Guingamor 338
Walewein, a popular tale disguised as a chivalrous romance 340
The different versions of Libeaux Desconus—one of them is sophisticated 343
Tristram—the Anglo-Norman poems comparatively simple and ingenuous 344
French Romance and Provençal Lyric 345
Ovid in the Middle Ages—the Art of Love 346
The Heroines 347
Benoit's Medea again 348
Chrestien of Troyes, his place at the beginning of modern literature 349
'Enlightenment' in the Romantic School 350
The sophists of Romance—the rhetoric of sentiment and passion 351
The progress of Romance from medieval to modern literature 352
Chrestien of Troyes, his inconsistencies—nature and convention 352
Departure from conventional romance; Chrestien's Enid 355
Chrestien's Cliges—"sensibility" 357
Flamenca, a Provençal story of the thirteenth century—the author a follower of Chrestien 359
His acquaintance with romantic literature and rejection of the "machinery" of adventures 360 360
Flamenca, an appropriation of Ovid—disappearance of romantic mythology 361
The Lady of Vergi, a short tragic story without false rhetoric 362
Use of medieval themes by the great poets of the fourteenth century 363
Boccaccio and Chaucer—the Teseide and the Knight's Tale 364
Variety of Chaucer's methods 364
Want of art in the Man of Law's Tale 365
The abstract point of honour (Clerk's Tale, Franklin's Tale) 366
Pathos in the Legend of Good Women 366
Romantic method perfect in the Knight's Tale 366
Anelida, the abstract form of romance 367
In Troilus and Criseyde the form of medieval romance is filled out with strong dramatic imagination 367
Romance obtains the freedom of Epic, without the old local and national limitations of Epic 368
Conclusion 370
Epic and Romance

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