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Walter Besant. The History of Medieval London
The History of Medieval London
Table of Contents
Volume 1
Table of Contents
PART I. MEDIÆVAL SOVEREIGNS
CHAPTER I. HENRY II
CHAPTER II. RICHARD I
CHAPTER III. JOHN
CHAPTER IV. HENRY III
CHAPTER V. EDWARD I
CHAPTER VI. EDWARD II
CHAPTER VII. EDWARD III
CHAPTER VIII. RICHARD II
CHAPTER IX. HENRY IV
CHAPTER X. HENRY V
CHAPTER XI. HENRY VI
CHAPTER XII. EDWARD IV
CHAPTER XIII. RICHARD III
PART II. SOCIAL AND GENERAL
CHAPTER I. GENERAL VIEW
CHAPTER II. PORT AND TRADE OF LONDON
CHAPTER III. TRADE AND GENTILITY
CHAPTER IV. THE STREETS
CHAPTER V. THE BUILDINGS
CHAPTER VI. FURNITURE
CHAPTER VII. WEALTH AND STATE OF NOBLES AND CITIZENS
CHAPTER VIII. MANNERS AND CUSTOMS
CHAPTER IX. FOOD
CHAPTER X. SPORT AND RECREATION
CHAPTER XI. LITERATURE AND SCIENCE IN LONDON
§ I. The Libraries of London
§ II. London and Literature
§ III. The Physician
CHAPTER XII. FIRE, PLAGUE, AND FAMINE
CHAPTER XIII. CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
CHAPTER XIV. CHRISTIAN NAMES AND SURNAMES
APPENDICES
APPENDIX I. WYCLYF
APPENDIX II. TRADES OF LONDON
APPENDIX III. FOREIGN MERCHANTS
APPENDIX IV. NAMES OF STREETS
APPENDIX V
APPENDIX VI. THE SHOP
APPENDIX VII. THE ASSIZE OF BUILDING
APPENDIX VIII. RULES CONCERNING LAWYERS
APPENDIX IX. I APPEND A LIST OF MEDIÆVAL SURNAMES COMPILED FROM THE USUAL AUTHORITIES
FOOTNOTES:
Volume 2
Table of Contents
PART I. THE GOVERNMENT OF LONDON
CHAPTER I. THE RECORDS
CHAPTER II. THE CHARTER OF HENRY THE SECOND
CHAPTER III. THE COMMUNE
CHAPTER IV. THE WARDS
CHAPTER V. THE FACTIONS OF THE CITY
CHAPTER VI. THE CENTURY OF UNCERTAIN STEPS
CHAPTER VII. AFTER THE COMMUNE
CHAPTER VIII. THE CITY COMPANIES
PART II. ECCLESIASTICAL LONDON
CHAPTER I. THE RELIGIOUS LIFE
CHAPTER II. CHURCH FURNITURE
CHAPTER III. THE CALENDAR OF THE YEAR
CHAPTER IV. HERMITS AND ANCHORITES
CHAPTER V. PILGRIMAGE
CHAPTER VI. ORDEAL
CHAPTER VII. SANCTUARY
CHAPTER VIII. MIRACLE AND MYSTERY PLAYS
CHAPTER IX. SUPERSTITIONS, ETC
CHAPTER X. ORDER OF BURIAL
PART III. RELIGIOUS HOUSES
CHAPTER I. GENERAL
CHAPTER II. ST. MARTIN’S-LE-GRAND
CHAPTER III. THE PRIORY OF THE HOLY TRINITY, OR CHRIST CHURCH PRIORY
CHAPTER IV. THE CHARTER HOUSE
CHAPTER V. ELSYNG SPITAL
CHAPTER VI. ST. BARTHOLOMEW
CHAPTER VII. ST. THOMAS OF ACON
CHAPTER VIII. ST. ANTHONY’S
CHAPTER IX. THE PRIORY OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM
CHAPTER X. THE CLERKENWELL NUNNERY
CHAPTER XI. ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST, OR HOLIWELL NUNNERY
CHAPTER XII. BERMONDSEY ABBEY
CHAPTER XIII. ST. MARY OVERIES
CHAPTER XIV. ST. THOMAS’S HOSPITAL
CHAPTER XV. ST. GILES-IN-THE-FIELDS
CHAPTER XVI. ST. HELEN’S
CHAPTER XVII. ST. MARY SPITAL
CHAPTER XVIII. ST. MARY OF BETHLEHEM
CHAPTER XIX. THE CLARES
CHAPTER XX. ST. KATHERINE’S BY THE TOWER
CHAPTER XXI. CRUTCHED FRIARS
CHAPTER XXII. AUSTIN FRIARS
CHAPTER XXIII. GREY FRIARS
CHAPTER XXIV. THE DOMINICANS
CHAPTER XXV. WHITEFRIARS
CHAPTER XXVI. ST. MARY OF GRACES
CHAPTER XXVII. THE SMALLER FOUNDATIONS
The Order of Penitence or Fratres de Saccâ
St. James on the Wall
The Rolls House
Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen and All Saints Guildhall
The Chapel and College of Leadenhall
The Nunnery of Kilburn
The Nunnery of Stratford-le-Bow
St. Augustine’s Papey
Whittington College
CHAPTER XXVIII. FRATERNITIES
CHAPTER XXIX. HOSPITALS
APPENDICES
APPENDIX I. LIST OF WARDS OF LONDON
APPENDIX II. LIST OF ALDERMEN
APPENDIX III. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ALDERMEN WHOSE NAMES ARE AFFIXED TO DEEDS IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY
APPENDIX IV. LIST OF PARISHES
APPENDIX V. PATRONAGE OF CITY CHURCHES
APPENDIX VI
APPENDIX VII. AN ANCHORITE’S CELL22
APPENDIX VIII. THE MONASTIC HOUSES
APPENDIX IX. A DOMINICAN HOUSE
APPENDIX X. THE PAPEY
APPENDIX XI. CHARITABLE ENDOWMENT
APPENDIX XII
FOOTNOTES:
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Walter Besant
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Hamo de Chigwell, who was a fishmonger, seems to have led one party and Nicholas Farringdon, a goldsmith, another; but the King appears to have set up and deposed both in turn and with impartiality. In 1326, when the Queen was in Flanders and her lands were seized, Hamo de Chigwell was Mayor. The streets of London were every day the scene of rioting and fighting; the trades fought with each other; the partisans of the Queen fought with the partisans of the King. When the Queen came over bringing her son with her she sent a letter to London with a proclamation denouncing the Spensers. This proclamation amid the cheers of the people was affixed to the Cross in Chepe. Hamo de Chigwell forsook his post and fled to the Black Friars for safety. Hither came the commons and forced him to proclaim the enemies of the King and Queen and their son. And they showed that they meant what they said by seizing one William Marshall, an adherent of the Spensers, and murdering him. It is a curious story of wild justice. The City was for some time entirely in the hands of the common people, who robbed and murdered all suspected of being favourable to the King and the Spensers. The events are thus graphically related by the French Chronicle:—
“At this time, at Saint Michael, Lady Isabelle, the Queen, and Sir Edward, her son, sent their letters to the commons of London, to the effect that they should assist in destroying the enemies of the land: but received no answer in return, as to their wishes thereon, through fear of the King. Wherefore a letter was sent to London by the Queen and her son, and was fixed at daybreak upon the Cross in Chepe, and a copy of the letter on the windows elsewhere, upon Thursday, that is to say, the Feast of Saint Dionis (October 9), to the effect that the commons should be aiding with all their power in destroying the enemies of the land, and Hugh le Despenser in especial, for the common profit of all the realm: and that the commons should send them information as to their wishes thereon. Wherefore the commonalty proceeded to wait upon the Mayor and other great men of the City at the Friars Preachers in London, upon the Wednesday before the Feast of Saint Luke (October 18), which then fell on a Saturday: so much so, that the Mayor, crying mercy with clasped hands, went to the Guildhall and granted the commons their demand, and cry was accordingly made in Chepe, that the enemies to the King, and the Queen, and their son, should all quit the City upon such peril as might ensue. It happened also on the same day, at the hour of noon, that some persons had recourse to arms, and seized one John le Marchal, a burgess of the City, in his own house near Walbrok, who was held as an enemy to the City and a spy of Sir Hugh le Despenser; and he was brought into Chepe and there despoiled and beheaded. Just after this, upon the same day and at the same hour, there came one Sir Walter de Stapelton, the then Bishop of Exestre and Treasurer to the King the year before, riding towards his hostel in Eldedeaneslane, to dine there; and just then he was proclaimed a traitor; upon hearing of which, he took to flight and rode towards Saint Paul’s Church, where he was met, and instantly dragged from his horse and carried into Chepe; and there he was despoiled, and his head cut off. Also, one of his esquires, who was a vigorous man, William Walle by name, took to flight, but was seized at London Bridge, brought back into Chepe and beheaded; while John de Padington, another, who was warden of the manor of the said Bishop, without Temple Bar, and was held in bad repute, was beheaded the same day in Chepe. Upon the same day, towards Vespers, came the choir of Saint Paul’s and took the headless body of the said Bishop, and carried it to Saint Paul’s Church: where they were given to understand that he had died under sentence: upon which, the body was carried to the church of Saint Clement without Temple Bar. But the people of that church put it out of the building: whereupon certain women and persons in the most abject poverty took the body, which would have been quite naked, had not one woman given a piece of old cloth to cover the middle, and buried it in a place apart without making a grave, and his esquire near him all naked, and without any office of priest or clerk: and this spot is called ‘the Lawless Church.’ The same night there was a burgess robbed, John de Charltone by name. Also, on the Thursday following, the Manors of Fynesbury and of Yvilane, which belonged to Master Robert Baldok, the King’s Chancellor, were despoiled of the wines and of all things that were therein, and many other robberies were committed in the City. Also, upon the same day, the commons of London were armed and assembled at the Lede Hall on Cornhille, and the Constable of the Tower there agreed with the commons that he would deliver unto them Sir John de Eltham, the King’s son; as also, the children of Sir Roger Mortimer, Sir Moriz de Berklee, Sir Bartholomew de Burghasche, and the other persons who had been imprisoned in the Tower, by reason of the dissensions for which Sir Thomas de Lancaster and other great men had been put to death: those who were released being sworn unto the commons that they would live and die with them in that cause, and that they would maintain the well being of the City and the peace thereof. Also, there were sworn and received into the protection of the City, the Dean of Saint Paul’s, the Official of Canterbury, the Dean of the Arches, the Abbots of Westminster and of Stratford, and all the religious, and all the justices and clerks, to do such watch and ward as unto them belonged to do. At the same time, upon the Vigil of Saint Luke (October 18) the tablet which Saint Thomas de Lancastre had painted and hung up in the church of Saint Paul was replaced upon the pillar: which tablet had been removed from the pillar by the rigorous command of the King’s writ. At the same time, the Friars Preachers took to flight, because they feared that they should be maltreated and annihilated: seeing that the commonalty entertained great enmity against them by reason of their haughty carriage, they not behaving themselves as friars ought to behave. At this time, it was everywhere the common talk that if Stephen de Segrave, Bishop of London, had been found, he would have been put to the sword with the others who were beheaded: as well as some Justiciars and others, who betook themselves elsewhere in concealment so that they could not be found.”
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