Читать книгу Kids Left Behind, The - William H. Parrett - Страница 4
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Preface
Chapter 1: A New American Revolution
Segregated and Separate but Equal
Equal Opportunity and Education for All
A New Standard of Excellence: Academic Proficiency for All
The Changing Economic Marketplace
From the World of Work to the Age of the Mind
Continuing Technological Development
The Relationship Between Education and Income
An Emerging Science of Teaching and Learning
Best Practices Work for At-Risk Students
Low-Performing Schools Can Become High-Performing Schools
The Continuing Battle in Education
Challenges of the Educational Revolution: Policy Change, Pressure, and Reactions
Growing Support for the Revolution
Realizing the Revolution for the Children of Poverty
Chapter 2: How Schools Have Failed the Children of Poverty
“Poor Underachieving Children Can’t Catch Up”
Destructive Policies, Programs, and Practices
Inexperienced, Poorly Prepared Teachers
Ineffective Teaching Practices
Misassignment to Special Education
Over-Reliance on Medication to Modify Behavior
Eliminating the Bigotry of Low Expectations
Chapter 3: Research on High-Performing, High-Poverty Schools
Identifying Strategies for Accelerating the Achievement of Poor Children
A Framework of Research on High-Performing, High-Poverty Schools
Just for the Kids: Studies of High-Performing School Systems (1999–2006)
Iowa Association of School Boards: The Lighthouse Inquiry (Iowa Association of School Boards, 2000)
Heritage Foundation: “No Excuses: Lessons From High-Performing, High-Poverty Schools” (Carter, 2001)
U.S. Department of Education: “The Longitudinal Evaluation of School Change and Performance (LESCP) in Title I Schools” (U.S. Department of Education, 2001)
Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed At Risk (CRESPAR): “Comprehensive School Reform and Student Achievement: A Meta-Analysis” (Borman et al., 2002)
Northern Illinois University Center for Governmental Studies: “Closing the Achievement Gap: Lessons from Illinois’ Golden Spike High Poverty, High Performign Schools” (McGee, 2004)
Louisiana Staff Development Council: “The Secrets of ‘Can-Do’ Schools” (Richardson, 2003)
Learning First Alliance: “Beyond Islands of Excellence” (Togneri & Anderson, 2003)
Center for Performance Assessment: “High Performance in High-Poverty Schools: 90/90/90 and Beyond” (Reeves, 2003)
Manhattan Institute: “The Teachability Index: Can Disadvantaged Students Learn?” (Greene & Forster, 2004)
Hewlett-Packard: “High-Achieving Schools Initiative Final Report” (Kitchen et al., 2004)
Prichard Committee for Academic Excellence: “Inside the Black Box of High-Performing, High-Poverty Schools” (Kannapel & Clements, 2005)
EdSource: “Similar Students, Different Results: Why Do Some Schools Do Better?” (Williams, Kirst, & Haertel, et al., 2005)
An Emerging Pattern of School Improvement
Chapter 4: Ensure Effective District and School Leadership
The Old World of Education
The New World of Education
Essential, Targeted Leadership Characteristics to Improve Student Achievement
Leadership Priorities at the District Level
Demonstrate Moral and Political Will
Acknowledge Poor Performance and Seek Solutions
Promote a Vision of High Achievement for All Students
Establish Measurable Goals and Monitor Progress
Institute Accountability and Use Data-Driven Instructional genjn(j Improvement
Target Student Needs to Prioritize Resources and Funding
Provide Relentless Support for Teachers and Principals
Support Focused Professional Development
Leadership Priorities at the School Level
Maintain Great Expectations for Student Achievement
Understand Effective Professional Development
Develop and Support Teacher Leaders
Leading Through Collaboration and Distributive Leadership
Improving the System
Sustaining Gains
Against the Odds: Leadership and School Improvement—A Case Study
Improvement Through Leadership
Next Steps
Ensure Effective District and School Leadership Self-Evaluation Rubric
Chapter 5: Engage Parents, Communities, and Schools to Work as Partners
The Old World of Public Education
The New World of Public Education
Effective Partnerships
Parent Education
Parent-Provided Education
Improved Communication Between School and Home
Outreach to Parents and Families of English Learners
Comprehensive School and Family Partnerships
Successful Programs
The Essential Partnership Between Schools and Communities
Provide Community Information
Use Community Resources and Support
Develop Full-Service Schools
The Community as a Classroom
Service Learning
Career Exploration
Powerful Partnerships
Next Steps
Engage Parents, Communities, and Schools Self-Evaluation Rubric
Chapter 6: Understand and Hold High Expectations for Poor and Culturally Diverse Students
The Old World of Public Education
The Melting Pot Concept
The Philosophy of Equal Opportunity
The Practice of Blaming Poor Families and Their Children
The New World of Public Education
Educating English Language Learners
Understanding the Culture of Poverty
A Feeling of Helplessness
The Homes of Poverty
Lack of Educational Stimulation
Lack of Health and Nutrition
Lack of Vocabulary and Reading Readiness
Language, Culture, and Diversity
Mobility
Student Behavior
Resilience
High Hopes for the Underachieving Children of Poverty
Next Steps
Understand and Hold High Expectations for Poor and Culturally Diverse Students Self-Evaluation Rubric
Chapter 7: Target Low-Performing Students and Schools, Starting With Reading
The Old World of Public Education
The New World of Public Education
Guarantee That All Students Learn to Read
Protecting the Children of Poverty From Destructive Policies, Programs, and Practices
Eliminate the Manufacturing of Low Performance
Protect Students From Unqualified, Inexperienced Teachers
Eliminate Policies and Practices That Encourage Students to Drop Out
Use Data to Plan, Target Policy, Monitor Student Achievement, and Rigorously Hold Teachers Accountable
Improve Instructional Support Programs
Implement High-Performance Instructional Programs
Increase Instructional Time
Provide Targeted Professional Development
A Targeted Focus
Next Steps
Targeting Low-Performing Students and Schools Self-Evaluation Rubric
Chapter 8: Align, Monitor, and Manage the Curriculum
The Old World of Public Education
Curriculum: The Way It Used to Be
Unused Curriculum Guidelines
The Dominance of Textbooks
Teachers as Free Agents
Minimal Use of Planning and Coordination
Tracking and Ability Grouping
Pressure From Special-Interest Groups
The New World of Public Education
Curriculum: The Way It Is Today
Establish a Rigorous Prescribed Curriculum for All Students
Implement a Research-Based Curriculum
Coordinate Vertical and Horizontal Curriculum Planning
Use Standards and Assessment to Align the Written Curriculum
Monitor the Written and Target Curriculum
Ensure a Diverse Curriculum
Use Curriculum Mapping
Use Pacing Guides and Assessment Calendars
Use Flexible Skill Grouping
Identify Model Lessons
The Challenges of Implementing a New Curriculum
Building an Effective, Aligned Curriculum
Developing Diverse Instructional Materials
Narrowing the Curriculum
Implementing Site-Based Management
Achieving Deep Curriculum Alignment
Next Steps
Align, Monitor, and Manage the Curriculum Self-Evaluation Rubric
Chapter 9: Create a Culture of Data and Assessment Literacy
The Old World of Public Education
The New World of Public Education
Data Literacy: Start With a Focus on Data
Go Beyond Mandated Tests
Build Student, School, and District Profiles
Student Profiles
School and District Profiles
Assessment for Learning
Building Student Confidence
Sound Classroom Assessment
We’re All in This Together: Use Data to Embed Assessment in All Aspects of Teaching and Learning
Next Steps
Create a Culture of Assessment and Data Literacy Self-Evaluation Rubric
Chapter 10: Build and Sustain Instructional Capacity
The Old World of Public Education
The New World of Public Education
Building Instructional Program Coherence
Use Collaboration and Teamwork
Set Instructional Benchmarks to Focus and Drive Learning
Create a Model That Fits
Research-Based Instructional Practices
Study Groups
Lesson Study
Differentiated Instruction
Strategies for English Language Learners
Student-Led Conferences
Action Research
Attention to Multiple Intelligences, Relevance, and Active Learning
Success for All Students
Next Steps
Build and Sustain Instructional Capacity Self-Evaluation Rubric
Chapter 11: Reorganize Time, Space, and Transitions
The Old World of Public Education
The New World of Public Education
Provide Extra Instructional Time
Start Early
Reorganize the School Day and Week
Extend the School Day
Extend the School Year
Create Small, Supportive Learning Communities
Establish Small Learning Environments and Alternative Schools
Provide Effective and Successful Transitions
The Power of Reorganizing Time, Space, and Transitions
Next Steps
Reorganize Time, Space, and Transitions Self-Evaluation Rubric
Chapter 12: Educating the Kids Left Behind: A Matter of Personal Conscience
Fulfilling the Revolution: Civil Rights for All
Eight Components of High-Performing, High-Poverty Schools Self-Evaluation Rubric
Appendix A: The PLC Continuum
Appendix B: NSDC Standards for Staff Development
References
Electronic Resources