| FIG. | | PAGE |
| 1. | Chalk Cliff | 3 |
| 2. | Whitecliff (Chalk), Dorset | 4 |
| 3. | Penlee Point, Cornwall | 5 |
| 4. | Balanus Shells | 6 |
| 5. | A Cluster of Mussels | 7 |
| 6. | Breakers | 8 |
| 7. | Illustrating the Tide-producing Influence of the Moon | 10 |
| 8. | Illustrating the tides | 11 |
| 9. | Spring Tides at Full Moon | 12 |
| 10. | Spring Tides at New Moon | 12 |
| 11. | Neap Tides | 13 |
| 12. | Chart showing the relative Times of High Tide on different parts of the British Coast | 16 |
| 13. | The Vasculum | 22 |
| 14. | Wire Ring for Net | 24 |
| 15. | Net Frame with Curved Point | 24 |
| 16. | Rhomboidal Frame for Net | 24 |
| 17. | Rhomboidal Net | 25 |
| 18. | Semicircular Net | 25 |
| 19. | The Dredge | 25 |
| 20. | The Crab-pot | 26 |
| 21. | An old Bird-cage used as a Crab-pot | 27 |
| 22. | A Young Naturalist at Work | 32 |
| 23. | A good Hunting-ground on the Cornish Coast | 33 |
| 24. | Round Bend Hook with Flattened End | 37 |
| 25. | Limerick Hook, eyed | 37 |
| 26. | Method of Attaching Snood to Flattened Hook | 38 |
| 27. | Method of Attaching Snood to Eyed Hook | 38 |
| 28. | The Lugworm | 39 |
| 29. | The Ragworm | 40 |
| 30. | Digging for Bait | 41 |
| 31. | Method of Opening a Mussel | 42 |
| 32. | Fishing from the Rocks | 46 |
| 33. | The Paternoster | 48 |
| 34. | Section of an Aquarium constructed with a Mixture of Cement and Sand | 54 |
| 35. | Cement Aquarium with a Glass Plate in Front | 55 |
| 36. | Aquarium of Wood with Glass Front | 56 |
| 37. | Hexagonal Aquarium constructed of Angle Zinc, with Glass Sides | 57 |
| 38. | Method of Aerating the Water of an Aquarium | 65 |
| 39. | Aquarium fitted with Apparatus for Periodic Outflow | 67 |
| 40. | Jars for preserving Anatomical and Biological Specimens | 76 |
| 41. | Showing the different stages in the making of a small Specimen Tube | 77 |
| 42. | Small Specimen Tube mounted on a Card | 78 |
| 43. | Small Crab mounted on a Card | 82 |
| 44. | Spring for holding together small Bivalve Shells | 84 |
| 45. | The Triplet Magnifier | 92 |
| 46. | A small Dissecting Trough | 93 |
| 47. | Cell for small Living Objects | 95 |
| 48. | Sheet of Cork on thin Sheet Lead | 99 |
| 49. | Weighted Cork for Dissecting Trough | 99 |
| 50. | The Amœba, highly magnified | 102 |
| 51. | ” ” showing changes of form | 103 |
| 52. | ” ” feeding | 103 |
| 53. | ” ” dividing | 104 |
| 54. | A Group of Foraminifers, magnified | 105 |
| 55. | A Spiral Foraminifer Shell | 106 |
| 56. | A Foraminifer out of its Shell | 106 |
| 57. | The same Foraminifer (fig. 56) as seen when alive | 107 |
| 58. | Section of the Shell of a Compound Foraminifer | 107 |
| 59. | Section of a Nummulite Shell | 108 |
| 60. | Globigerina bulloides, as seen when alive, magnified | 108 |
| 61. | Section of a piece of Nummulitic Limestone | 109 |
| 62. | A Group of Radiolarian Shells, magnified | 111 |
| 63. | Three Infusorians, magnified | 113 |
| 64. | A Phosphorescent Marine Infusorian (Noctiluca), magnified | 114 |
| 65. | Section of a Simple Sponge | 116 |
| 66. | Diagrammatic section of a portion of a Complex Sponge | 117 |
| 67. | Horny Network of a Sponge, magnified | 118 |
| 68. | Grantia compressa | 120 |
| 69. | Spicules of Grantia, magnified | 120 |
| 70. | Sycon ciliatum | 121 |
| 71. | Leucosolenia botryoides, with portion magnified | 121 |
| 72. | Chalina oculata | 122 |
| 73. | Halichondria panicea | 123 |
| 74. | Spicules of Halichondria, magnified | 124 |
| 75. | An Oyster Shell, bored by Cliona | 124 |
| 76. | Spicules of Cliona | 125 |
| 77. | Thread Cells of a Cœlenterate, magnified | 127 |
| 78. | The Squirrel’s-tail Sea Fir (Sertularia argentea), with a portion enlarged | 128 |
| 79. | Sertularia filicula | 129 |
| 80. | ” cupressina | 130 |
| 81. | The Herring-bone Polype (Halecium halecinum | 131 |
| 82. | Tubularia indivisa | 132 |
| 83. | The Bottle Brush (Thuiaria thuja) | 132 |
| 84. | Antennularia antennia | 133 |
| 85. | Aurelia aurita | 135 |
| 86. | The Early Stages of Aurelia | 136 |
| 87. | Rhizostoma | 136 |
| 88. | Chrysaora | 136 |
| 89. | Cydippe pileus | 137 |
| 90. | Section of an Anemone | 139 |
| 91. | Stinging Cells of Anemone, highly magnified | 140 |
| 92. | Diagrammatic transverse section of an Anemone | 140 |
| 93. | Larva of Anemone | 140 |
| 94. | The Trumpet Anemone (Aiptasia Couchii), Cornwall; deep water | 144 |
| 95. | Peachia hastata, S. Devon | 145 |
| 96. | Sagartia pallida, Devon and Cornwall | 146 |
| 97. | Sagartia nivea, Devon and Cornwall | 147 |
| 98. | Corynactus viridis, Devon and Cornwall | 148 |
| 99. | Bunodes thallia, West Coast | 150 |
| 100. | Bunodes gemmacea, with tentacles retracted | 151 |
| 101. | Caryophyllia cyathus | 152 |
| 102. | Sagartia parasitica | 153 |
| 103. | The Cloak Anemone (Adamsia palliata) on a Whelk Shell, with Hermit Crab | 154 |
| 104. | Larva of the Brittle Starfish | 158 |
| 105. | Larva of the Feather Star | 160 |
| 106. | The Rosy Feather Star | 160 |
| 107. | The Common Brittle Star | 162 |
| 108. | Section of the Spine of a Sea Urchin | 165 |
| 109. | Sea Urchin with Spines removed on one Side | 166 |
| 110. | Apex of Shell of Sea Urchin | 166 |
| 111. | Shell of Sea Urchin with Teeth protruding | 167 |
| 112. | Interior of Shell of Sea Urchin | 167 |
| 113. | Masticatory Apparatus of Sea Urchin | 167 |
| 114. | Sea Urchin Dissected, showing the Digestive Tube | 168 |
| 115. | The Sea Cucumber | 170 |
| 116. | A Turbellarian, magnified | 175 |
| 117. | Arenicola piscatorum | 178 |
| 118. | The Sea Mouse | 179 |
| 119. | Tube-building Worms: Terebella, Serpula, Sabella | 182 |
| 120. | Terebella removed from its Tube | 183 |
| 121. | A tube of Serpula attached to a Shell | 185 |
| 122. | Serpula removed from its Tube | 186 |
| 123. | The Sea Mat (Flustra) | 187 |
| 124. | Flustra in its Cell, magnified | 188 |
| 125. | Sea Squirt | 189 |
| 126. | Larvæ of Molluscs | 191 |
| 127. | Shell of the Prickly Cockle (Cardium aculeatum) showing Umbo and Hinge; also the interior showing the Teeth | 192 |
| 128. | Interior of Bivalve Shell, showing Muscular Scars and Pallial Line | 193 |
| 129. | Diagram of the Anatomy of a Lamellibranch | 194 |
| 130. | Mytilus edulis, with Byssus | 195 |
| 131. | A Bivalve Shell (Tapes virgineana) | 196 |
| 132. | Pholas dactylus | 199 |
| 133. | ” ” interior of Valve; and Pholadidea with Animal | 201 |
| 134. | The Ship Worm | 202 |
| 135. | 1. Teredo navalis. 2. Teredo norvegica | 202 |
| 136. | Gastrochæna modiolina | 203 |
| 137. | 1. Thracia phaseolina. 2. Thracia pubescens, showing Pallial Line | 204 |
| 138. | 1. Mya truncata. 2. Interior of Shell. 3. Mya arenaria. 4. Corbula nucleus | 205 |
| 139. | Solen siliqua | 206 |
| 140. | 1. Solen ensis. 2. Cerati-solen legumen. 3. Solecurtus candidus | 207 |
| 141. | Tellinidæ | 208 |
| 142. | 1. Lutraria elliptica. 2. Part of the Hinge of Lutraria, showing the Cartilage Pit. 3. Macra stultorum. 4. Interior of same showing Pallial Line | 210 |
| 143. | Veneridæ | 211 |
| 144. | Cyprinidæ | 213 |
| 145. | Galeomma Turtoni | 214 |
| 146. | 1. Cardium pygmæum. 2. Cardium fasciatum. 3. Cardium rusticum | 215 |
| 147. | Cardium aculeatum | 215 |
| 148. | Pectunculus glycimeris, with portion of Valve showing Teeth, and Arca tetragona | 216 |
| 149. | Mytilus edulis | 217 |
| 150. | 1. Modiola modiolus. 2. Modiola tulipa. 3. Crenella discors | 218 |
| 151. | Dreissena polymorpha | 219 |
| 152. | Avicula, and Pinna pectinata | 220 |
| 153. | 1. Anomia ephippium. 2. Pecten tigris. 3. Pecten, animal in shell | 222 |
| 154. | Terebratulina. The upper figure represents the interior of the Dorsal Valve | 224 |
| 155. | Under side of the Shell of Natica catena, showing the Umbilicus; and outline of the Shell, showing the Right-handed Spiral | 225 |
| 156. | Section of the Shell of the Whelk, showing the Columella | 226 |
| 157. | Diagram of the Anatomy of the Whelk, the Shell being removed | 228 |
| 158. | A portion of the Lingual Ribbon of the Whelk, magnified; and a single row of Teeth on a much larger scale | 229 |
| 159. | Egg Cases of the Whelk | 230 |
| 160. | Pteropods | 231 |
| 161. | Nudibranchs | 234 |
| 162. | ” | 235 |
| 163. | Shells of Tectibranchs | 236 |
| 164. | Chiton Shells | 238 |
| 165. | Shells of Dentalium | 238 |
| 166. | Patellidæ | 239 |
| 167. | Calyptræa sinensis | 241 |
| 168. | Fissurellidæ | 241 |
| 169. | Haliotis | 242 |
| 170. | Ianthina fragilis | 242 |
| 171. | Trochus zizyphinus. 2. Under Side of Shell. 3. Trochus magnus. 4. Adeorbis subcarinatus | 244 |
| 172. | Rissoa labiosa and Lacuna pallidula | 244 |
| 173. | Section of Shell of Turritella | 245 |
| 174. | Turritella communis and Cæcum trachea | 245 |
| 175. | Cerithium reticulatum and Aporrhais pes-pelicani | 245 |
| 176. | Aporrhais pes-pelicani, showing both Shell and Animal | 246 |
| 177. | 1. Odostomia plicata. 2. Eulima polita. 3. Aclis supranitida | 246 |
| 178. | Cypræa (Trivia) europæa | 247 |
| 179. | 1. Ovulum patulum. 2. Erato lævis | 248 |
| 180. | Mangelia septangularis and Mangelia turricula | 248 |
| 181. | 1. Purpura lapillus. 2. Egg Cases of Purpura. 3. Nassa reticulata | 249 |
| 182. | Murex erinaceus | 249 |
| 183. | Octopus | 251 |
| 184. | Loligo vulgaris and its Pen | 252 |
| 185. | Sepiola atlantica | 252 |
| 186. | Sepia officinalis and its ‘Bone’ | 253 |
| 187. | Eggs of Sepia | 254 |
| 188. | The Nerve-chain of an Arthropod (Lobster) | 257 |
| 189. | Section through the Compound Eye of an Arthropod | 260 |
| 190. | Four Stages in the Development of the Common Shore Crab | 261 |
| 191. | The Barnacle | 261 |
| 192. | Four Stages in the Development of the Acorn Barnacle | 262 |
| 193. | A Cluster of Acorn Shells | 263 |
| 194. | Shell of Acorn Barnacle (Balanus) | 263 |
| 195. | The Acorn Barnacle (Balanus porcatus) with Appendages protruded | 264 |
| 196. | A Group of Marine Copepods, magnified | 265 |
| 197. | A Group of Ostracode Shells | 265 |
| 198. | Evadne | 266 |
| 199. | Marine Isopods | 267 |
| 200. | Marine Amphipods | 268 |
| 201. | The Mantis Shrimp (Squilla Mantis) | 270 |
| 202. | The Opossum Shrimp (Mysis chamæleon) | 271 |
| 203. | Parts of Lobster’s Shell, separated, and viewed from above | 272 |
| 204. | A Segment of the Abdomen of a Lobster | 272 |
| 205. | Appendages of a Lobster | 273 |
| 206. | Longitudinal Section of the Lobster | 274 |
| 207. | The Spiny Lobster (Palinurus vulgaris) | 275 |
| 208. | The Norway Lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) | 276 |
| 209. | 1. The Mud-borer (Gebia stellata). 2. The Mud-borrower (Callianassa subterranea) | 277 |
| 210. | The Common Shrimp (Crangon vulgaris) | 278 |
| 211. | The Prawn (Palæmon serratus) | 279 |
| 212. | Dromia vulgaris | 282 |
| 213. | The Hermit Crab in a Whelk Shell | 282 |
| 214. | The Long-armed Crab (Corystes Cassivelaunus) | 287 |
| 215. | Spider Crabs at Home | 288 |
| 216. | The Thornback Crab (Maia Squinado) | 290 |
| 217. | The Pea Crab (Pinnotheres pisum) | 290 |
| 218. | The Common Shore Crab (Carcinus mænas) | 291 |
| 219. | The Shore Spider | 294 |
| 220. | The Leg of an Insect | 295 |
| 221. | Trachea of an Insect, magnified | 296 |
| 222. | Sea-Shore Insects | 298 |
| 223. | Marine Beetles of the genus (Bembidium) | 302 |
| 224. | Marine Beetles | 303 |
| 225. | Transverse section through the Bony Framework of a Typical Vertebrate Animal | 306 |
| 226. | The Sea Lamprey | 309 |
| 227. | The Pilchard | 310 |
| 228. | The Skeleton of a Fish (Perch) | 315 |
| 229. | The Internal Organs of the Herring | 316 |
| 230. | The Egg-case of the Dogfish | 319 |
| 231. | The Smooth Hound | 320 |
| 232. | The Common Eel | 323 |
| 233. | The Lesser Sand Eel | 326 |
| 234. | The Three-bearded Rockling | 327 |
| 235. | The Snake Pipe-fish | 328 |
| 236. | The Rainbow Wrass (Labrus julis) | 330 |
| 237. | The Cornish Sucker | 330 |
| 238. | The Fifteen-spined Stickleback and Nest | 331 |
| 239. | The Smooth Blenny | 333 |
| 240. | The Butterfish | 334 |
| 241. | The Black Goby | 335 |
| 242. | The Father Lasher | 335 |
| 243. | The Lesser Weaver | 337 |
| 244. | The Common Porpoise | 341 |
| 245. | Callithamnion roseum | 359 |
| 246. | Callithamnion tetricum | 359 |
| 247. | Griffithsia corallina | 361 |
| 248. | Halurus equisetifolius | 361 |
| 249. | Pilota plumosa | 361 |
| 250. | Ceramium diaphanum | 363 |
| 251. | Plocamium | 366 |
| 252. | Delesseria alata | 368 |
| 253. | Delesseria hypoglossum | 368 |
| 254. | Laurencia pinnatifida | 371 |
| 255. | Laurencia obtusa | 371 |
| 256. | Polysiphonia fastigiata | 373 |
| 257. | Polysiphonia parasitica | 374 |
| 258. | Polysiphonia Brodiæi | 374 |
| 259. | Polysiphonia nigrescens | 374 |
| 260. | Ectocarpus granulosus | 378 |
| 261. | Ectocarpus siliculosus | 378 |
| 262. | Ectocarpus Mertensii | 378 |
| 263. | Sphacelaria cirrhosa | 379 |
| 264. | Sphacelaria plumosa | 379 |
| 265. | Sphacelaria radicans | 380 |
| 266. | Cladostephus spongiosus | 380 |
| 267. | Chordaria flagelliformis | 380 |
| 268. | Laminaria bulbosa | 384 |
| 269. | Laminaria saccharina | 384 |
| 270. | Alaria esculenta | 385 |
| 271. | Sporochnus pedunculatus | 385 |
| 272. | Desmarestia ligulata | 386 |
| 273. | Himanthalia lorea | 387 |
| 274. | Cystoseira ericoides | 388 |
| 275. | Transverse Section of the Stem of a Monocotyledon | 391 |
| 276. | Leaf of a Monocotyledon | 392 |
| 277. | Expanded Spikelet of the Oat | 393 |
| 278. | The Sea Lyme Grass | 395 |
| 279. | Knappia agrostidea | 397 |
| 280. | The Dog’s-tooth Grass | 397 |
| 281. | The Reed Canary Grass | 397 |
| 282. | Male and Female Flowers of Carex, magnified | 399 |
| 283. | The Sea Sedge | 400 |
| 284. | The Curved Sedge | 400 |
| 285. | The Great Sea Rush | 400 |
| 286. | The Broad-leaved Grass Wrack | 401 |
| 287. | The Sea-side Arrow Grass | 401 |
| 288. | The Common Asparagus | 401 |
| 289. | The Sea Spurge | 403 |
| 290. | The Purple Spurge | 404 |
| 291. | The Sea Buckthorn | 404 |
| 292. | Chenopodium botryoides | 405 |
| 293. | The Frosted Sea Orache | 406 |
| 294. | The Prickly Salt Wort | 406 |
| 295. | The Creeping Glass Wort | 407 |
| 296. | The Sea-side Plantain | 408 |
| 297. | The Sea Lavender | 408 |
| 298. | The Dwarf Centaury | 410 |
| 299. | The Sea Samphire | 412 |
| 300. | The Sea-side Everlasting Pea | 413 |
| 301. | The Sea Stork’s-bill | 414 |
| 302. | The Sea Campion | 416 |
| 303. | The Sea Pearl Wort | 417 |
| 304. | The Shrubby Mignonette | 417 |
| 305. | The Wild Cabbage | 418 |
| 306. | The Isle of Man Cabbage | 418 |
| 307. | The Great Sea Stock | 419 |
| 308. | The Hoary Shrubby Stock | 419 |
| 309. | The Scurvy Grass | 419 |
| 310. | The Sea Radish | 419 |
| 311. | The Sea Rocket | 420 |
| 312. | The Sea Kale | 421 |
| 313. | The Horned Poppy | 422 |
