Читать книгу Rural Finance in Poverty-Stricken Areas in the People's Republic of China - Xuechun Zhang - Страница 12

The purpose of reforming and developing rural finance is to provide farmers with equal access to investment, financing, and development opportunities. The ultimate objective of establishing a harmonious society is to enable all citizens of the PRC to share the benefits of rapid economic development. The proposed new socialist countryside is intended to allow vast rural areas and farmers to benefit from development. Thus, rural financial services should engage in and promote industrialization, urbanization, and the building of a new socialist countryside.

Since 1978, farmers have participated in the PRC’s economic development and have benefited from rapid growth. In fact, farmers were the first group to benefit from reform. In the early 1980s, the launch of the household contract responsibility system brought benefits to almost every rural household. Later, development priorities gradually shifted from agriculture to nonagriculture sectors. The emergence of township and village enterprises in coastal areas enabled farmers to go from subsistence to prosperity. However, farmers in the central and western parts of the PRC lagged behind. Later, with the opening of the labor market, many farmers migrated from central and western PRC to coastal regions and urban areas. The transformation of farmers to migrant workers provided them with another opportunity to participate in economic development.