Читать книгу Arabic in a Flash Kit Ebook Volume 2 - Yousef Alreemawi - Страница 11

‘abda`a

to innovate; to excel (in)

abda`ar rassaam fii haadhihil lawhah.

The artist excelled in this portrait.

1.	ibdaa`	innovation
2.	mubdi`	creative
3.	ibdaa`iyy	innovative
4.	badii`	wonderful

ijtahada

to work hard; to strive

`alayya an ajtahida hattaa ahsula `alaa nataa’ija jayyidah.

I have to work hard to get good results.

1.	ijtihaad	hard work
2.	mujtahid	hard worker
3.	juhd	effort
4.	majhuud	endeavor (n.)

ihtafala

to celebrate

ihtafaltu bi`iidi miilaadil ‘usbuu` al maadii.

I celebrated my birthday last week.

1.	haflah	party
2.	ihtifaal	ceremony
3.	muhtafil	celebrant
4.	ihtifaliyy	ceremonial

ikhtabara

to test

sa’akhtabiru ma`luumatika fit taariikh.

I will test your knowledge of history.

1.	ikhtibaar	test
2.	tahta al-ikhtibaar	on probation (to be)
3.	mukhtabar	laboratory
4.	khibrah	experience (n.)

ikhtassa

to specialize

uriidu an akhtassa fii tibil ‘asnaan.

I want to specialize in dentistry.

1.	ikhtisaas	specialty
2.	akhissaa’iyy	specialist
3.	takhassus	specialization
4.	khaassatan	especially

ikhtasara

to summarize

‘arjuu ‘an takhtasiruu fii ‘ijaabaatikum.

Please summarize your answers.

1.	ikhtisaar	summary
2.	mukhtasar	brief
3.	bikhtisaar	briefly
4.	tariiq mukhtasarah	shortcut

akhta’a

to err; to make a mistake

‘aasif! laqad ittasaltu biraqamika bilkhata’.

Sorry! I made a mistake.

1.	khata’	error
2.	mukhti’	erroneous
3.	khatii’ah	sin
4.	bil-khata’	accidental

iqtabasa

to quote

iqtabastu min haadhal kitaabil muthiiri lilih timaam.

I quoted from this interesting book.

1.	iqtibaas	quotation
2.	muqtabas	quoted (adj.)
3.	muqtabis	person who quotes
4.	`alaamat iqtibaas	quotation mark

imtahana

to examine; to sit an exam

imtahantul ‘usbuu`al maadii.

I sat the exam last Monday.

1.	imtihaan	examination
2.	mumtahin	examiner
3.	qaa`at al-imtihaan	exam room
4.	imtihaan nihaa’iyy	final exam

ahdaa

to give a gift

‘ahdaytu zawjatii khaataman.

I gave my wife a ring as a gift.

1.	ihdaa’	acknowledgment
2.	hadiyyah	gift
3.	mahall hadaayaa	gift shop
4.	muhdaa ilayh	recipient (of a gift)

tasaara`a

to accelerate

tasaara’atis sayyaarah.

The car has accelerated.

1.	tasaaru`	acceleration
2.	mutasaari`	accelerating
3.	sur`ah	speed (n.)
4.	sarii’	fast (adj.)

ta’ahhala

to qualify

khibraatii ahhalatnii lilhusuul `alal `amal.

My experience qualified me for the job.

1.	ta’ahhul	qualifying (n.)
2.	mu’ahhal	qualified; eligible
3.	mu’ahhilaat	qualifications
4.	ta’hiil	rehabilitation

iltahaqa bi

to join

iltahaqtu bi jaami`ati munash `aam 2005.

I joined Monash University in 2005.

1.	iltihaaq	joining (n.)
2.	multahiq	joined (adj.)
3.	laahiqan	following (adj.)
4.	mulhaq	appendix

iltazama bi

to commit to

yanbaghii `alaa kullil ‘atraaf ‘an taltazima bibunuudil `aqd.

All parties need to commit to the terms of the contract.

1.	iltizaam	commitment
2.	multazim	committed
3.	laazim	necessary
4.	iltizaam ma`nawiyy	moral obligation

takharraja

to graduate

sa’atakharraju fii ayluulal qaadim.

I will graduate next September.

1.	takharruj	graduating (n.)
2.	khirriij	graduate
3.	takhriij	graduation
4.	haflat takharruj	graduation ceremony

tamarrana

to exercise

al-himyah ghayr kaafiyah ‘idhaa lam tatamarran.

The diet isn’t enough if you don’t exercise.

1.	tamarrun	workout (n.)
2.	mutamarrin `alaa	familiar with
3.	tamriin	exercise
4.	muruunah	flexibility

jama`a

to add (maths)

hal tastatii`u jam`a haadhihil ‘arqaam biduuni ‘aalatin haasibah?

Can you add up these numbers without a calculator?

1.	jam`	addition (maths)
2.	majmuu`	total
3.	`alaamat al-jam` (+)	addition symbol (+)
4.	jamaa`ah	group

haadara

to lecture

zawjii yuhaadiru fii jaami`ati sidnii.

My husband lectures at Sydney University.

1.	muhaadir	lecturer
2.	muhaadarah	lecture
3.	qaa`at muhaadaraat	lecture theater
4.	daftar muhaadaraat	lecturers’ notebook

halla

to solve

‘uhaawuilu ‘an ‘ahilla haadhal lughz.

I am trying to solve this riddle.

1.	hall	solution
2.	hallaal al-mashaakil	problem solver (spoken Arabic)
3.	mahluul	solved (adj.)
4.	hal wasat	compromise

hallala

to analyze

hallalal mushkilata bidiqqah.

He analyzed the problem carefully.

1.	tahliil	analysis
2.	muhallil	analyst
3.	tahliiliyy	analytical
4.	handasah tahliiliyyah	analytical engineering

khaasama

to dispute (with)

yatakhaasamul baladaan `alaa majmuu`atin minal qadaayaa.

The two countries dispute over some issues.

1.	khisaam	dispute
2.	khasm	opponent
3.	khusuumah	conflict
4.	mukhaasim	in dispute with

khaataba

to address

khaataba ra’iisul wuzaraa’ jamii`al usturaaliyyiin.

The Prime Minister addressed all Australians.

1.	mukhaatabah	addressing (n.)
2.	khatiib	public speaker
3.	khitaab	speech
4.	mukhaatab	addressee

darrasa

to teach

ummii tudarrisu fii madrasatin thaanawiyyah.

My mother teaches in a secondary school.

1.	tadriis	teaching (n.)
2.	mudarris	teacher
3.	madrasah	school
4.	dars	lesson

darasa

to study

tadrusu ‘ukhtii `ilman nafs.

My sister studies psychology.

1.	diraasah	studying (n.)
2.	daaris	student
3.	`aam diraasiyy	academic year
4.	minhah diraasiyyah	scholarship

dhaakara

to study; to discuss (with)

‘anaa ‘udhaakiru limtihaanil ghad.

I am studying for tomorrow’s exam.

1.	mudhaakiraat	studying (n.) (in Egypt)
2.	mudhakkirah	memorandum
3.	mudhakkiraat	diary
4.	dhaakirah	memory

rahhaba

to welcome

marhaban bikum fii usturaalyaa!

We welcome you to Australia!

1.	tarhiib	welcoming (n.)
2.	marhaban	Hello!
3.	murahhab bih	to be welcomed
4.	rahaabah	openness

rasaba

to fail

laqad rasabat fil ‘imtihaan li’annahaa lam tuhaddir jayyidan.

She failed the exam because she didn’t prepare well.

1.	rusuub	failure
2.	raasib	person who fails
3.	najaha	to succeed (antonym)
4.	tarassab	to precipitate

`adda

to count

‘a`uddul ‘ayyaam lidh-dhahaab ilaa baladii.

I am counting the days to see my country.

1.	`addaad	gauge, meter
3.	`adad	number
2.	`adadiyy	numerical
4.	`add	counting (n.)

sarra

to please; to delight

yasurrunii an uqaddima nafsii.

I’m pleased to introduce myself.

1.	suruur	pleasure; joy
2.	masruur	pleased; delighted
3.	bi kulli suruur	with pleasure
4.	akhbaar saarrah	good news

shaaghaba

to make troubles; to disturb the order

laa tushaaghib fii haadhas saff.

Don’t make troubles in this class.

1.	mushaaghib	troublemaker
2.	shaghab	riot
3.	mushaaghabah	troublemaking (n.)
4.	quwwaat mukaafahat ash-shaghab	anti-riot forces

shajja`a

to encourage

‘ushajji`u ‘atfaalii ‘an yaqra’uu akthar wa yushaahidut tilfaaz aqal.

I encourage my kids to read more and watch TV less.

1.	tashjii`	encouragement
2.	shujaa`	brave (adj.)
3.	mushajji`	supporter
4.	shajaa`ah	courage

shakara

to thank

‘awaddu ‘an ‘ashkuraka `alaa husni diyaafatik.

I would like to thank you for your hospitality.

1.	laa shukra `alaa waajib	don’t mention it!
2.	shaakir	thankful
3.	shukran	Thanks!
4.	`iidush-shukr	Thanksgiving Day

nashara (kitaab)

to publish (book)

nushiral kitaabu bil `arabiyyah.

The book was published in Arabic.

1.	nashr	publishing (n.)
2.	naashir	publisher
3.	manshuur	published (adj.)
4.	daar nashr	publishing house

saahaba

to accompany

man sayashabuka fii rihlatika yaa maaykil?

Who will accompany you on your trip, Michael?

1.	suhbah	companionship; friendship
2.	sahib	companion; owner of
3.	sahaabiyy	companion of the Prophet
4.	bi suhbati	accompanied by

saadaqa

to make friends (to befriend)

saadaqtul `adiidu minan naas `indamaa kuntu bil jaami`ah.

I made a lot of friends when I was at university.

1.	sadiiq	friend
2.	sadaaqah	friendship
3.	musaadaqah	making friends
4.	dawlah sadiiqah	friendly state

sadaqa

to tell the truth

as-sidq fadiilah.

Telling the truth is a virtue. (proverb)

1.	sidq	truth
2.	saadiq	truthful
3.	misdaaqiyyah	credibility
4.	saduuq	trustworthy; sincere

saddaqa

to believe

laa tusaddiq kulla maa sami`t.

Don’t believe everything you heard.

1.	tasdiiq	believing (n.)
2.	musaddiq	believer
3.	musaddaq	credible
4.	laa yusaddaq	unbelievable

sannafa

to classify

haadhal barmaanij yusannifut tullaaba hasaba taariikhit tasjiil.

This software classifies students according to their enrolment date.

1.	tasniif	classification
2.	musannif	classifier
3.	musannaf	classified
4.	sinf	category

daraba (a`daad)

to multiply (numbers)

‘amal mawhuubah, fahiya tadribul ‘arqaam biduun ‘aalatin haasibah.

Amal is talented; she multiplies numbers without a calculator.

1.	darb	multiplication
2.	madruub bi	multiplied by
3.	`alaamat ad-darb (x)	multiplication symbol (X)
4.	adwal ad-darb	multiplication table

`aataba

to admonish

lam ‘akun li u`aatibaka in lam’ akun ahtaammu bik.

I wouldn’t admonish you if I didn’t care about you.

1.	`itaab	admonition
2.	`atab	gentle reproach
3.	mu`aatib	admonitory
4.	biduun `itaab	without reproach

`aaqaba

to punish

alqaanuunu yu`aaqibu kulla man yantahikuh.

The law punishes whoever violates it.

1.	`iqaab	punishment
2.	`uquubah	penalty
3.	mu`aaqib	the one who punishes
4.	mu`aaqab	to be subjected to punishment

`azafa

to play music

akhii ya`zifu jayyidan `alal byaanu.

My brother plays the piano very well.

1.	`azf	playing of music
2.	`aazif	musician
3.	ma`zuufah	piece of music
4.	`azf munfarid	solo performance

`anaa

to mean

‘aasif! lam afham maa ta`nii.

Sorry! I don’t understand what you mean.

1.	ma`naa	meaning (n.)
2.	ma`nii	meant; intended
3.	dhuu ma’naa	meaningful
4.	bilaa ma`naa	meaningless

hajjaa

to spell

kayfa tuhajjis mak?

How do you spell your name?

1.	tahjiyah	dictation
2.	muhajjii	person who spells
3.	muhajjaa	spelled-out
4.	huruuf al-hijaa’	alphabets

maarasa

to practice

‘in lam tumaarisil luhghah fa’innaka satansaahaa.

If you don’t practice a language, you will forget it.

1.	mumaarasah	practice
2.	tamarrus	training, apprenticeship
3.	mumaaras	practiced
4.	mumaaris	the one who practices

naala

to obtain; to acquire

naala Jamaal darajatal maajistair min jaami`ati dimashq.

Jamal obtained a master’s degree from Damascus University.

1.	nayl	obtaining (n.)
2.	naawala	to hand over
3.	manaal	achievement
4.	sa`b al-manaal	hard to obtain

nassaqa

to coordinate

nassaqtu baynash sharikatayn.

I coordinated for the two companies.

1.	tansiiq	coordination
2.	munassiq	coordinator
3.	tanaasuq	harmony
4.	mutanaasiq	harmonious

ittafaqa (ma`a)

to agree (with)

ittafaqnaa ‘an numaddidal `aqda sanatan’ idaafiyyah.

We agreed to extend the contract for one more year.

1.	ittifaaq	agreement
2.	ittifaqiyyah	treaty/contract
3.	muttafiq	agreeable
4.	muttafaq `alayh	agreed upon

ihtarafa

to practice (a profession)

ihratafa samiirul muhaamaah mundhu takharrujihi al’aam almaadii.

Sameer has been practicing law since his graduation last year.

1.	ihtiraaf	professionalism
2.	muhtarif	professional
3.	hirfah	occupation
4.	hirafiyy	occupational

ajaada

to do (something) well; to excel

maahir yujiidul `azfa `alal byaanu.

Maher plays the piano very well.

1.	ijaadah	excellence (in doing something well)
2.	jayyid	good (adj.)
3.	jawdah	quality
4.	jawdah ta’kiidiyyah	quality assurance

ijtama`

to meet

sa’ajtami`u ma`al mudiiril `aamm as-saa`atuth thaalithah wan-nisf.

I am going to meet the general manager at 3:30.

1.	ijtimaa`	meeting
2.	mujtami`	a person who’s in a meeting
3.	mujtama`	society
4.	ijtimaa`iyy	social

ihtakara

to monopolize

haawalatih tikaaral hiwaar bil hadiithi tawaalal waqt.

She tried to monopolize the conversation by talking all the time.

1.	ihtikaar	monopoly
2.	muhtakir	monopolist
3.	ihtikaariyy	exclusivist
4.	ihtikaar al-qillah	cartel (domination of a market)

iddakhara

to save money; to preserve

iddakhartu 3000 dulaar al-`aamal maadii.

I saved three thousand dollars last year.

1.	iddikhaar	credit
2.	muddakhir	person who saves
3.	muddakharaat	savings
4.	laa yaddakhiru juhdan	to spare no effort

adhaa`a

to broadcast

tudhii`ul mahattatu `alaa taraddudi 83.3 ‘iff ‘imm.

The station broadcasts on 83.3 FM.

1.	idhaa`ah	broadcasting station
2.	mudhii`	radio host
3.	mudhaa`	broadcasted (adj.)
4.	midhyaa`	radio

qaata`a

to boycott

qarrarat tihaadul fallaahiin ‘an yuqaati`al muntajaatil ‘ajnabiyyah.

The Farmers Union decided to boycott the foreign products.

1.	muqaata`ah	boycott (n.)
2.	muqaati`	boycotting (adj.)
3.	muqaata`	boycotted (adj.)
4.	muqaata`ah iqtisaadiyyah	embargo

istalafa

to borrow (money)

istalaftu mablaghan minal maali min ‘akhii.

I borrowed some money from my brother.

1.	istilaaf	borrowing (n.)
2.	sallaf	to lend
3.	sulfah	loan
4.	mustalif	borrower

istahlaka

to consume

tastahliku mu`zamid duwalil maziida minal waquudi fish shitaa’.

Most countries consume more fuel in winter.

1.	istihlaak	consumption
2.	mustahlik	consumer
3.	mustahlak	consumer goods
4.	himaayat al-mustahlik	consumer protection

ashrafa (`alaa)

to supervise

‘ashraftu `alal mashruu` minal ‘alif ‘ilal yaa’.

I supervised the project from A to Z.

1.	ishraaf	supervision
2.	mushrif	supervisor
3.	bi ishraaf	supervised by
4.	shaarafa `alaa	to get close to

adraba

to strike (workplace protest)

‘adrabal `ummaalu `anil `amalih tijaajan `alaa zuruufil `amalis sayyi’ah.

The workers went on a strike to protest against the bad working conditions.

1.	idraab	strike (n.)
2.	mudrib	to be on a strike
3.	dariibah	tax
4.	i`faa’ dariibiyy	tax exemption