Читать книгу Metaheuristics for Structural Design and Analysis - Yusuf Cengiz Toklu - Страница 3

1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1. General flowchart for structural designFigure 1.2. Representative drawing showing construction operations at Göbeklitep...Figure 1.3. Current photo of Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Turkey. For a color versi...Figure 1.4. Empirical rule on vaults: lines ab and bc will remain within the wal...

2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1. General flowchart of metaheuristic algorithmsFigure 2.2. Pseudocode of TLBO algorithm

3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1. Three-story multi-bay frame structureFigure 3.2. Member with an axial loadFigure 3.3. Member under bending effect in elastic rangeFigure 3.4. Normal stress for the combined effect of axial load and flexural mom...Figure 3.5. A member with transverse loadsFigure 3.6. Shear stress distribution on the transverse section of the rectangul...Figure 3.7. Deformation of a bar under an axial loadFigure 3.8. A buckled member

4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1. Topology, shape and sizing optimization of an I-beam (Jakiela et al....Figure 4.2. Topology, shape and sizing optimization of structural optimization (...Figure 4.3. I-beam problemFigure 4.4. Convergence graph for the I-beam problem. For a color version of thi...Figure 4.5. Tubular column and A–A cross-sectionFigure 4.6. The cantilever beam

5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1. The optimized systemFigure 5.2. Truss optimization problemFigure 5.3. A 25-bar space truss structure (Degertekin and Hayalioglu 2013)Figure 5.4. Schematic of the spatial 72-bar truss structure (Camp and Farshchin ...Figure 5.5. Schematic of the planar 200-bar truss structure

6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1. The stresses on an RC beam cross-sectionFigure 6.2. RC beam with design variablesFigure 6.3. Design variables of the optimization of RC spread footingsFigure 6.4. Optimized RC column with loading conditionsFigure 6.5. Design variables of the optimum RC column problemFigure 6.6. Flowchart of the proposed methodFigure 6.7. Types of load distributions for the RC frameFigure 6.8. Model of the first RC frame exampleFigure 6.9. Model of the second RC frame exampleFigure 6.10. Model of the cylindrical wallFigure 6.11. Flowchart for the optimum design of the RC cylindrical wall.Figure 6.12. The model of the post-tensioned cylindrical wallFigure 6.13. Longitudinal moment along the wall height. For a color version of t...

7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1. The Berlin TV Tower. For a color version of this figure, see www.ist...Figure 7.2. The Theme Building at LAX (Miyamoto et al. 2011). For a color versio...Figure 7.3. The physical model of the SDOF structure with TMDFigure 7.4. Impulsive motionsFigure 7.5. MDOF shear building model with TMDFigure 7.6. TF_N plot for the 10-story structureFigure 7.7. TF_N plot for the 40-story structure. For a color version of this fig...Figure 7.8. Top-story displacement of the 10-story structure (DUZCE/BOL090)Figure 7.9. Top-story displacement of the 10-story structure (Northhr/Rrs-032)Figure 7.10. Top-story displacement of the 10-story structure (Chichi/Tcu084-271...Figure 7.11. Top-story displacement of the 40-story structure (Chichi/Chy101-N)....Figure 7.12. Top-story displacement of the 40-story structure (Chichi/Tcu065-272...Figure 7.13. Top-story displacement of the 40-story structure (Kocaeli/Ypt-180)....Figure 7.14. Schematics of the prototype seismically isolated structure

8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1. Stress–strain diagram as a collection of piece-wise continuous linesFigure 8.2. Ten-member truss, geometry with the numbering of joints (Toklu 2004c...Figure 8.3. Deflected shape of the 10-bar truss when the right support is remove...Figure 8.4. Deflected shapes of the 10-member truss after yielding. Material: el...Figure 8.5. Load–deformation curve for the 10-member truss. Load H applied at jo...Figure 8.6. Deflected shapes for the 10-member truss under the effect of load H ...Figure 8.7. The triangular elementFigure 8.8. Twelve-member, 14-node model of a quarter of a thick-walled pipe wit...