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The performance of UAV assisted wireless networks can be significantly improved in aspect of throughput as well as coverage by optimizing the trajectory of the UAVs. This optimization depends upon the factors like flight constraints, energy constraints, ground user’s demands, collision avoidance, channel variations, mobility of UAV, etc. Table 2.2 lists the work carried out till date for optimizing the performance of the UAV systems by designing the optimum UAV trajectory.

The article by Chen et al. [62] proposes autonomous UAV wherein positions of the UAVs are self-optimized based on real time radio measurement.

Table 2.2 State-of-the-art solutions for optimizing the UAV trajectory.

Parameter optimized	Effect on performance of system	Research article
User scheduling and trajectory of UAV	Maximized the minimum average data rate experienced by ground users	[55]
Trajectory of UAV with multiple antennas	Maximized system rate in uplink communication	[56]
Joint optimization of UAV trajectory and source/relay transmit power	Maximized throughput of relay based UAV system	[57]
Path planning algorithm	Minimized total energy consumption of the UAV	[53, 58]
UAV trajectory using mixed integer linear programming	Fuel consumption minimization	[59]
Path planning	Likelihood of target detection	[60]
Trajectory of UAV	Connecting of ad-hoc networks was improved	[61]