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Other drug‐facilitated techniques

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Safe RSI requires meticulous preparation and preoxygenation to avoid peri‐intubation adverse events. Adequate preoxygenation for RSI may require application of 100% oxygen for at least 3 minutes. However, proper preparation for RSI may not be possible with a combative or agitated patient. Delayed sequence intubation involves the initial delivery of a sedative to facilitate patient positioning, preparation, and preoxygenation, and subsequent delayed administration of paralytic and intubation [84]. The time interval between sedative and paralytic may be 5‐10 minutes or even longer. Delayed sequence intubation may be accomplished using any induction agent. EMS experience with this technique is limited [85].

Emergency Medical Services

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