Читать книгу Emergency Medical Services - Группа авторов - Страница 462

If the patient is wheezing or in respiratory distress, 100% oxygen should be given with a non‐rebreather mask. A large‐bore IV with normal saline should be started and a fluid bolus given of at least 500 mL for an adult and 10 mL/kg for a child. If the patient was stung, any wounds should be inspected for retained stingers. If discovered, removal should be accomplished by scraping across the sting with a rigid thin object, such as an identification badge or credit card, to dislodge the stinger. Forceps or other squeezing devices should not be used as they may inadvertently disrupt the venom sac and release more venom into the patient. Local wound care with cool compresses and gauze covering should be applied. If there is the possibility of injected venom, the patient should be kept still and the affected extremity should be kept dependent, below the level of the heart, to slow the spread of venom [10, 11].