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Following decades of efforts and bolstered by a recommendation in the 2006 IOM report The Future of Emergency Care, ABEM successfully petitioned and the American Board of Medical Specialties approved a physician subspecialty in EMS on September 23, 2010. The ABEM website has the following description of the subspecialty:

EMS is a medical subspecialty that involves prehospital emergency patient care, including initial patient stabilization, treatment, and transport in specially equipped ambulances or helicopters to hospitals. The purpose of EMS subspecialty certification is to standardize physician training and qualifications for EMS practice, improve patient safety and enhance the quality of emergency medical care provided to patients in the prehospital environment, and facilitate further integration of prehospital patient treatment into the continuum of patient care [76].

A task force developed and published an article entitled “The core content of EMS medicine” on January 10, 2012. It has since been updated [77]. The first certification examination was administered in October 2013. As of the fall of 2020, 831 physicians have been certified in EMS by ABEM [78].