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1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Schematic organization of different microbial metabolic pathways in t...Figure 1.2 The OTHU self-purification device based on a porous wood weir.Figure 1.3 The basic principle of bank filtration.Figure 1.4 (a) Simplified scheme of a Free Surface Flow CW (SFS-CW); (b) Schemat...Figure 1.5 Various processes involved in phytoremediation of contaminants in aqu...Figure 1.6 (a) The 2-ha FSF-CW (Reims, France) in March 2020; (b) the UAV (Spybo...Figure 1.7 Monitoring the Reims FSF-CW with an aquatic drone. (a) Dissolved orga...Figure 1.8 Sentinel-2 True colour images of the St Just–St Nazaire de Pézan CW i...Figure 1.9 Monitoring of vegetation on the St Just–St Nazaire de Pézan CW using ...Figure 1.10 Sentinel-2 satellite view of the Tres Rios (Phoenix, Arizona) FSF-CW...Figure 1.11 Monitoring of Tres Rios fringing marshes using satellite images. =...Figure 1.12 South African National Water Department’s approach to integrated wat...Figure 1.13 Logical nesting between levers (actions on forms, fluxes, and biocen...Figure 1.14 (a) illustration of balance and imbalance nutrient and biodegradatio...Figure 1.15 A pluvial runoff model can help identify which part of the basin is ...

2 Chapter 2Figure 2.2 Sector split of emissions of selected heavy metals (EEA-33) in 2017 (...Figure 2.3 Application of some physico-chemical methods for heavy metal removal ...Figure 2.4 Bioremediation and detoxification processes by plants and microorgani...Figure 2.5 Approach of phytoremediation for cleanup of heavy metals contaminated...Figure 2.6 The main advantages and disadvantages of phytoremediation process.Figure 2.7 Some disorders produced in organisms by the presence of high levels o...Figure 2.8 Effects of heavy metals on plants (Dhalaria et al., 2010). [The figur...Figure 2.9 Short overview about some important aspects of cellular metal interac...Figure 2.10 Uptake, translocation, and accumulation of heavy metal (HM) in plant...Figure 2.11 Bacterial resistance to metal nanoparticles due to the change of exp...

3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Annular tubular reactor (recuperative coupling).Figure 4.2 Reactors for coupling of reactions: A-Direct, B-Regenerative, C & D R...Figure 4.3 Schematic of a DCAR—SIMDCAR and SEQDCAR reactors.Figure 4.4 Membrane reactor.Figure 4.5 Overall process for production of fuels by FTS.Figure 4.6 Different types of reactor configurations and their suitable operatin...Figure 4.7 Multi-tubular fixed-bed reactor.Figure 4.8 Multi-tubular reactor (CR).Figure 4.9 Continuous fluidized-bed reactor (CFB).Figure 4.10 Slurry bubble column reactor.Figure 4.11 Slurry bubble column dual-type FTS membrane reactor.Figure 4.12 Fixed-bed cascading with fluidized-bed membrane reactor.Figure 4.13 Fixed-bed membrane and fluidized-bed membrane dual reactor (FMFMDR).Figure 4.14 Thermally coupled membrane dual-type reactor (TCMDR).Figure 4.15 Cascading fluidized-bed membrane dual-type FTS reactor (CFMR).Figure 4.16 Membrane FT reactor.Figure 4.17 Scheme of the integrated membrane fixed-bed catalytic reactor.Figure 4.18 Infinitesimal slice inside catalyst pellets on Dehydro side showing ...Figure 4.19 The principal scheme of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using the perm...Figure 4.20 Experimental CO conversion versus contact time for the same Co-Al ca...

4 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Role of biosurfactants in the environment.Figure 6.2 Critical micelle concentration of biosurfactant and micelle formation...Figure 6.3 Petroleum pollutant degradation by biosurfactants producing bacteria.Figure 6.4 Microbial enhanced oil recovery by using biosurfactants.Figure 6.5 Role of biosurfactants in diverse agricultural activities.Figure 6.6 Heavy metal removal from the soil surface by biosurfactant.

5 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Metal uptake and accumulation in plants during phytoaccumulation.Figure 7.2 Schematic representation of fate of pollutants during phytovolatiliza...Figure 7.3 Schematic representation of fate of pollutants during phytodegradatio...Figure 7.4 Plant-metal interaction in the process of phytostabilization.Figure 7.5 Present gaps in phytotechnologies.

6 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Schematic representation of the biogenic synthesis of metal oxide.

7 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Separation scheme for various feedstocks.

8 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Representation of recycling of bio-waste and synthesis of porous car...Figure 12.2 Schematic diagram showing the classification of porous materials bas...Figure 12.3 Schematic diagram showing the classification of porous materials bas...Figure 12.4 Main activation methods for synthesis of activated porous carbon fro...Figure 12.5 Schematic diagram showing the different CO2 capture modes.Figure 12.6 The CO2 adsorption isotherms for the developed systems at various ac...Figure 12.7 Selectivity for (a) CO2/N2 (50:50) and (b) CO2/CH4 (50:50) based on ...Figure 12.8 Schematic diagram of the synthesis of nanoporous carbon materials ba...

Sustainable Solutions for Environmental Pollution, Volume 2

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