Читать книгу Clinical Anatomy for Oral Implantology - Louie Al-Faraje - Страница 21

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MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION AND MASTICATION

This chapter describes the muscles of facial expression and the muscles of mastication and their relevance to implant-related oral surgical procedures.

Muscles of Facial Expression

The muscles of facial expression are paired muscles in the superficial fascia of the facial tissues (Table 2-1 and Figs 2-1 to 2-4). Almost all of them originate from bone (rarely the fascia) and insert on skin tissue, and all of them are innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII).

TABLE 2-1 Muscles of facial expression

FIG 2-1 Anterior view of the muscles of facial expression.

FIG 2-2 Anterior view of insertion of the muscles of facial expression (in red) and muscles of mastication (in blue).

FIG 2-3 Lateral view of the muscles of facial expression.

FIG 2-4 Lateral view of insertion of the muscles of facial expression (in red) and muscles of mastication (in blue).

Muscles of Mastication

The muscles of mastication are located in the parotid and infratemporal regions of the face (Table 2-2 and Figs 2-5 to 2-10; see also Figs 2-2 and 2-4). All of them receive innervation from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.

FIG 2-5 Lateral view of insertion of the masseter muscle.

FIG 2-6 Lateral view of insertion of the temporalis muscle.

FIG 2-7 Lateral view of insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle.

FIG 2-8 Lateral view of insertion of the medial pterygoid muscle.

FIG 2-9 Posterior view of insertion of the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles.

FIG 2-10 Muscle insertion on the internal surface of the mandible. The dotted line indicates the limit of attachment of oral mucosa.

TABLE 2-2 Muscles of mastication