Читать книгу An Introduction to Testing for Drugs of Abuse - William E. Schreiber - Страница 17
Controlled Substance Schedules
ОглавлениеGovernment agencies classify drugs and certain chemical compounds according to their acceptable medical use as well as their potential for abuse and harm. In the United States, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) lists drugs under five distinct categories or schedules. The definition of each schedule and some examples are given in Table 1.1. A more complete list of controlled substances is available on the DEA website:
www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/
In Canada, the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act is the national law that governs production, sale, import, export, and possession of controlled substances and precursors. Individual drugs and drug groups are listed in a series of appended schedules. The Act and its schedules appear on the Justice Laws website of the Government of Canada:
https://laws‐lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C‐38.8/
Table 1.1 Controlled substance schedules in the United States.
Source: Drug scheduling, United States Drug Enforcement Administration, www.dea.gov/drug‐scheduling.
| Definition | Examples |
|---|---|
| Schedule I | |
| Drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse | Heroin |
| Marijuana (cannabis) | |
| LSD peyote | |
| MDMA | |
| Schedule II | |
| Drugs with a high potential for abuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence | Cocaine |
| Methamphetamine | |
| Methadone | |
| Oxycodone | |
| Fentanyl | |
| Schedule III | |
| Drugs with a moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence | Codeine‐containing products (90 mg or less per dosage unit) |
| Ketamine | |
| Anabolic steroids | |
| Schedule IV | |
| Drugs with a low potential for abuse and low risk of dependence | Diazepam |
| Propoxyphene | |
| Tramadol | |
| Zolpidem | |
| Schedule V | |
| Drugs with lower potential for abuse than Schedule IV. These preparations contain limited quantities of certain narcotics and are generally used for antidiarrheal, antitussive, and analgesic purposes | Cough preparations with codeine (200 mg or less per 100 mL) |
| Lomotil® (atropine/diphenoxylate) | |
| Pregabalin |
LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide; MDMA, 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy).
