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1.2.1.2 Vector Operations and Properties Dot Product

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The dot product between two vectors results in a scalar quantity. One simple application example for a dot product is the work that is done by a force for displacement from one point to another. Consider vectors and shown in Figure 1.2a. The dot product of these two vectors are then expressed as

(1.11)

If θ between two vectors is 90°, then the dot product of these two vectors is equal to zero.

Figure 1.2 (a) Representation of vectors and for dot product. (b) Representation of vectors and for cross product.


Figure 1.3 Unit vector representation in a Cartesian coordinate system.

RF/Microwave Engineering and Applications in Energy Systems

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