Читать книгу Basic Guide to Oral Health Education and Promotion - Alison Chapman - Страница 57

The three major salivary glands (Figure 1.12) are as follows:

1 Parotid gland – situated in front of the ear. It is the largest salivary gland and produces 25% of the total volume of saliva [7]. It makes serous (watery) saliva, which is transported into the oral cavity by the parotid duct that opens adjacent to the upper molars. The parotid gland swells during mumps (parotitis).

2 Submandibular gland – situated beneath the mylohyoid muscle towards the base of the mandible. It is the middle of the three glands, in both size and position, and produces a mixture of serous and mucous saliva. It accounts for around 70% of total saliva and opens via the submandibular duct on the floor of the mouth [7].When dental nurses assist the dentist, they may occasionally notice a small fountain as the saliva appears from this duct (which can also happen when yawning).Figure 1.12 Major salivary glands.Source: From [8]. Reproduced with permission of Blackwell.

3 Sublingual gland – is also situated beneath the anterior floor of the mouth under the front of the tongue. It produces 5% of total saliva [7], mainly in the form of mucous, which drains through numerous small ducts on the ridge of the sublingual fold (the area next to the frenulum beneath the anterior of tongue).