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Many sentence-based Word Knowledge questions have context clues that can help you decipher the underlined word’s meaning. If you can pick up on the signal words that tell you about contrast and similarity, you’ll be able to boost your score and your vocabulary.

Signal words can be especially helpful in helping you predict a word’s meaning. Table 4-5 lists some common signal words and whether they indicate similarity or contrast.

TABLE 4-5 Signal Words

Signal Word	Indicates	Example
indeed	Similarity	“The children were happy; indeed, they couldn’t control their excitement.”
like	Similarity	“When I shook the soda bottle, it erupted like a volcano.”
too	Similarity	“The seniors were upset, and they were angry, too.”
although	Contrast	“Although she was hesitant, Cheryl voted to reopen the school.”
but	Contrast	“The class is difficult but fun.”
despite	Contrast	“The dog ate the ice cream despite having eaten 10 minutes before.”
however	Contrast	“Sadie applied at several colleges. However, only one accepted her.”
rather than	Contrast	“The movie is boring rather than enjoyable.”
while	Contrast	“Many troops are resourceful, while others are unimaginative.”

He recoiled as if he had just seen a ghost.

(A) cringed

(B) laughed

(C) shouted

(D) endured

The signal phrase in the question is “as if,” which is very similar to “like.” Knowing that, what’s the most likely answer? If you saw a ghost, you probably wouldn’t laugh, shout, or endure. (I’d run.) The most correct answer is Choice (A), cringed, because that’s far more likely to be your response than any of the other choices are.