Читать книгу Methods in Psychological Research - Annabel Ness Evans - Страница 67

1 For each of the following statements, indicate the likely source of the belief:Teenagers are hormonally challenged.Because all little boys like to play rough, my boy will like to play rough.Overexposure to sunlight causes skin cancer.The sun sets in the west.Men never ask for directions.

2 List and briefly describe the key elements of critical thinking.

3 For each of the following questions, identify the goal of the research (i.e., description, explanation, prediction, or control):What are violent criminals like?Is there a connection between children’s diet and their school performance?Are violent criminals more likely than nonviolent criminals to have been abused as children?Can we develop programs to reduce the likelihood of criminal behavior in victims of child abuse?

4 List and briefly describe each tenet of science. Also include why these tenets are important.

5 List five questions that cannot be answered by science. For each question, discuss whether science ever could provide an answer and, if so, what would be needed.

6 Briefly, what is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis? Can you provide an example of each?

7 Are the following best described as descriptive or explanatory research questions? Why do you think so?What gambling strategies do men use?Is parenting style linked to self-esteem in adolescent children?

8 Are the following best described as qualitative or quantitative research questions? Why do you think so?What are the major themes of the dreams of clinically depressed individuals?Do clinically depressed people exhibit more negative self-talk than nondepressed people do?

9 Are the following best described as basic or applied research questions? Why do you think so?What learning styles do first-year psychology students use?Which learning style typically used by first-year psychology students is the most effective in performance outcomes?

10 Are the following best described as longitudinal or cross-sectional research questions? Why do you think so?Do people become more tolerant as they age?Are young people more tolerant than middle-aged people?

11 List one advantage of field research over laboratory research. List one advantage of laboratory research over field research.