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This section gives an introduction to the biology of bats. The behaviour of individual species is discussed in the species accounts section. More detailed information, beyond this overview, can be obtained in the specialised and comprehensive literature, including Adams and Pedersen (2000, 2013), Kunz (1982, 1988), Kunz and Racey (1998) and Kunz and Fenton (2003). The illustrated syntheses of Hill and Smith (1984), Richarz and Limbrunner (1993), Altringham (1996), Neuweiler (2000) and Fenton and Simmons (2015) are readable, and they compile valuable information about the natural history of the Chiroptera.

Since 2010, when the first edition of our book appeared, the comprehensive six-volume Mammals of Africa has been published. The entire fourth volume is dedicated to bats and shrews (Happold and Happold 2013). Compiled by 25 authors, this is the most comprehensive synthesis of information on African bat ecology and general biology. The even more sumptuous Handbook of the Mammals of the World (Wilson and Reeder 2009–2019) comes in nine lavishly illustrated volumes that began with the carnivores in 2009. The ninth volume is entirely devoted to bats, and was published in late 2019.