Читать книгу Anti-Inflammatory Diet For Dummies - Artemis Morris - Страница 48

Although many industrialized countries have seen steady increases in the rates of obesity, none have seen as great an increase as the United States: From 2000 to 2018, the percentage of obese people in the U.S. climbed from 30.5 percent to 42.4 percent.

Blaming the fast-food industry, lack of exercise, or a general diet of overindulgence for the world’s expanding waistline is easy, but there are hidden explanations as well. Researchers are finding more and more instances in which inflammation seems not only to prevent weight loss but also to cause people to gain even more weight. Inflammation is the mediator of how poor diet and lifestyle choices, toxins, and even gene expression is influenced to increase the risk of obesity and chronic disease.

Obesity puts the body into a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation, which is born in the fat cells lying under the skin. When a body is obese, it secretes chemicals called cytokines and can have an imbalance of hormones called adipokines. These cytokines are molecules that set inflammation into motion. Some of them, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and TFN-alpha, can make you sleepy and irritable. These molecules alert the liver to act immediately, and the liver creates C-reactive protein, which is one sign of inflammation. The hormones that your fat cells produce, like leptin and adiponectin, influence your metabolism, your appetite, and your waistline. When your fat cells, called adipose tissue, is overloaded with toxins or bad fats, it creates inflammation that throws off the fat cells’ ability to function like a hormone cell tower.