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THE LEANING TOWER OF PISA

Pisa, Italy

The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the freestanding bell tower of the cathedral in the Italian city of Pisa. Construction of the tower began on August 8, 1173. Although unconfirmed, this Romanesque style tower may have been designed by Bonanno Pisano. The tower began to sink after construction had progressed to the third floor in 1178 and so construction was halted. In 1360, Tommaso Pisano completed the construction, erecting the belfry and making the last important geometric correction to the structure. In 1990 the tower was leaning 4/100 of inch (1 mm) every week. At this point it was generally thought that the tower would collapse unless something was done. Through the centuries, a number of projects have been implemented to stop the tower’s lean. Finally a British engineering professor came up a solution to prevent the collapse by removing ground soil from under the high side of the tower. Work began in 1999 and it was completed at the beginning of June 2001. In May 2008, after the removal of 70 tons of earth, the tower had been stabilized. The engineers estimated that the tower would be stable for at least 200 years.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa stands at 183.3 feet or 55.8 meters from the ground on the low side and 186 feet or 56.7 meters on the high side.

Dimensions of the finished model:

(excluding the baseboard)

3.33 inches or 8.5 cm in length

2.74 inches or 7 cm in width

9.48 inches or 24 cm in height

Pieces count: 3 pieces (excluding the baseboard) Difficulty level: 3/10 (easy)

To Download the Die-Cut Patterns, please click here.

1. Cut out X01 as shown in the figure.

2. Cut out X02 as shown in the figure.

3. Cut out X03 as shown in the figure.

4. Flip X01 over. Fold the upper part as shown in the figure.

5. Fold these parts as shown in the figure.

6. Fold these parts as shown in the figure.

7. Fold these parts as shown in the figure.

8. Fold these parts as shown in the figure.

9. Repeat steps 4 to 8 to make two components.

10. Flip X02 over. Fold the bottom part as shown in the figure.

11. Fold this part as shown in the figure.

12. Fold this part as shown in the figure.

13. Glue the X02 onto the baseboard as shown in the figure.

14. Glue X01 onto X02 as shown in the figure.

15. Fold down the building completely as shown in the figure.

16. Use heavy books to weight the building. Apply glue as shown in the figure. Close the baseboard tightly. This will allow a perfect position for gluing.

17. It should look like this after step 16 done.

18. Glue X03 onto X02 as shown in the figure.

19. Fold down the building completely as shown in the figure.

20. Use heavy books to weight the building. Apply glue as shown in the figure. Close the baseboard tightly. They will find a perfect position to be glued.

21. It should look like this after step 20 is done.