Читать книгу The Atlas of Global Inequalities - Ben Crow - Страница 11

outcome. Most strikingly, this approach has been applied to reconceptualize social advance or development: Expansion of freedom is viewed, in this approach, both as the primary end and as the principal means of development. Development consists of the removal of various types of unfreedoms that leave people with little choice and little opportunity of exercising their reasoned agency. (Sen 1999; xii) These ideas have helped make a significant opening for human advancement, and helped foster an analysis that rescued the tragedy of famine from scholarly and governmental indifference. The ideas of entitlements and capabilities helped disaggregate social relationships, providing new language for interdisciplinary understanding of, and action on, this most desperate of human crises. Recognition of the importance of achieved functionings, notably life expectancy, provided new ways of thinking about progress. This spurred wide global debate, notably among government agencies, and led to new measures of social progress. The idea of plural freedoms, criticism

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