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Place Names

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The spelling of Place Names in Anglo Saxon England was an uncertain business, with no consistency and no agreement even about the name itself. Thus London was variously rendered as Lundonia, Lundenberg, Lundenne, Lundene, Lundenwic, Lundenceaster and Lundres. Doubtless some readers will prefer other versions of the names listed below, but I have usually employed whichever spelling is cited in either the Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names or the Cambridge Dictionary of English Place Names for the years nearest or contained within Alfred’s reign, AD 871–899, but even that solution is not foolproof. Hayling Island, in 956, was written as both Heilincigae and Hæglingaiggæ. Nor have I been consistent myself; I should spell England as Englaland, and have preferred the modern form Northumbria to Norðhymbralond to avoid the suggestion that the boundaries of the ancient kingdom coincide with those of the modern county. So this list, like the spellings themselves, is capricious.

Æscengum Eashing, Surrey
Arwan River Orwell, Suffolk
Beamfleot Benfleet, Essex
Bebbanburg Bamburgh, Northumberland
Berrocscire Berkshire
Cair Ligualid Carlisle, Cumbria
Caninga Canvey Island, Essex
Cent Kent
Cippanhamm Chippenham, Wiltshire
Cirrenceastre Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Cisseceastre Chichester, Sussex
Coccham Cookham, Berkshire
Colaun, River River Colne, Essex
Contwaraburg Canterbury, Kent
Cornwalum Cornwall
Cracgelad Cricklade, Wiltshire
Dunastopol Dunstable (Roman name Durocobrivis), Bedfordshire
Dunholm Durham, County Durham
Eoferwic York, Yorkshire
Ethandun Edington, Wiltshire
Exanceaster Exeter, Devon
Fleot River Fleet, London
Frankia Germany
Fughelness Foulness Island, Essex
Grantaceaster Cambridge, Cambridgeshire
Gyruum Jarrow, County Durham
Hastengas Hastings, Sussex
Horseg Horsey Island, Essex
Hothlege River Hadleigh, Essex
Hrofeceastre Rochester, Kent
Hwealf River Crouch, Essex
Lundene London
Mæides Stana Maidstone, Kent
Medwæg River Medway, Kent
Oxnaforda Oxford, Oxfordshire
Padintune Paddington, Greater London
Pant River Blackwater, Essex
Scaepege Isle of Sheppey, Kent
Sceaftes Eye Sashes Island (at Coccham)
Sceobyrig Shoebury, Essex
Scerhnesse Sheerness, Kent
Sture River Stour, Essex
Sutherge Surrey
Suthriganaweorc Southwark, Greater London
Swealwe River Swale, Kent
Temes River Thames
Thunresleam Thundersley, Essex
Wæced Watchet, Somerset
Wæclingastræt Watling Street
Welengaford Wallingford, Oxfordshire
Werham Wareham, Dorset
Wiltunscir Wiltshire
Wintanceaster Winchester, Hampshire
Wocca’s Dun South Ockenden, Essex
Wodenes Eye Odney Island (at Coccham)
The Last Kingdom Series Books 4-6: Sword Song, The Burning Land, Death of Kings

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