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1  1 See, for example, https://www.epi.org/productivity-pay-gap.

2  2 Polls done by Nielsen and Harris for the American Payroll Association and CareerBuilder, respectively, were widely reported in news media. See, for example, http://press.careerbuilder.com/2017-08-24-Living-Paycheck-to-Paycheck-is-a-Way-of-Life-for-Majority-of-U-S-Workers-According-to-New-CareerBuilder-Survey.

3  3 FOTTRELL, Q. 2018. 50 Million American Households Can’t Even Afford Basic Living Expenses. Market Watch, June 9.

4  4 See https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/rural-economy-population/rural-poverty-well-being.

5  5 LOWREY, A. 2020. The Great Affordability Crisis Breaking America. The Atlantic, Feb 7; BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM. 2019. Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2018.

6  6 WILE, R. 2017. The Richest 10% of Americans Now Own 84% of All Stocks. Money, Dec 19.

7  7 Details of the interview process and interviewees are in the appendices.

8  8 Scholars refer to this as economic precarity. In this book, I write about precarity as people describe it: a state of perpetual vulnerability, high risk, and bad choices. See Appendix A for theories of precarity.

9  9 REICH, R. B. 2020. The System: Who Rigged it, How We Fix It, New York, Alfred Knopf, p. 15.

10 10 HART-LANDSBERG, M. 2018. Class, Race, and US Wealth Inequality. Reports from the Economic Front. At https://economicfront.wordpress.com/2018/01/03/class-race-and-us-wealth-inequality.

11 11 In the US, the response to, and impact of, the pandemic has been politicized by systemic disinformation campaigns that continue to declare the Covid-19 virus a hoax and claim that mask mandates are an infringement on personal freedom.

12 12 AMERICANS FOR TAX FAIRNESS. 2020. Net Worth of Billionaires Has Soared by $1 Trillion – to the total of $4 Trillion – Since the Pandemic Began. At https://americansfortaxfairness.org/issue/net-worth-u-s-billionaires-soared-1-trillion-total-4-trillion-since-pandemic-began; see also COLLINS, C. 2020. Updates: Billionaire Wealth, U.S. Job Losses and Pandemic Profiteers. At https://inequality.org/great-divide/updates-billionaire-pandemic.

13 13 Harlan County earned the nickname “Bloody Harlan” after a series of labor strikes in the 1930s were met with violent attacks initiated by coal corporations and law enforcement agencies.