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CONTENTS

List of Figures

Foreword

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations

1. Introduction

The Mainstream Discourse of Today's Wars

Building Blocks of a Counter-Narrative

Elaborating a Model of Social Torture

Overview of the Book

2. The Research Process

Institutional Setting

Working in a ‘War Zone’

Conceptual Challenges

Ethical Considerations

Methods Adopted

Discussion and Conclusions

3. An Overview of the Situation in Northern Uganda

Introduction

The War As People Remember It

Discussion

Some Concluding Questions

4. Reconsidering the LRA–Government Dynamic

Introduction

The 1994 Peace Talks

Discussion

Conclusions

5. Protection As Violation

Introduction

Part I – Formation and Organisation

Part II – Subsistence in the Camps

Problems with Distribution

Part III – Access to Education

Part IV – Access to Health Care

Part V – Access to Protection

Discussion and Conclusions

6. Protection As Debilitation

Introduction

Physical Debilitation

Psychological Debilitation

Cultural Debilitation

Discussion

Conclusions

7. Protection As Humiliation

Introduction

The Hegemonic Model of Masculinity

The Gap between Model and Reality: Inability To Fulfil External and Internalised Expectations

The Impact of the Emergence of a Hegemonic Model

Discussion

Conclusions

8. Social Torture and the Continuation of War

Introduction

Impacts and Methods

Further Symptoms of Torture

Actors

Humanitarian Missions and Mandate

Failures in Assistance and Protection

Benefits and Functions

Justifications for Action and Inaction

Discussion

Conclusions

9. Conclusions

Social Torture Offers a Counter-Narrative to the Mainstream Discourse

Greed–Grievance

Social Torture Goes beyond the Convention Against Torture

Social Torture Suggests the Need for More Comprehensive Interventions

Annex A. Testimony of a LRA Soldier who Returned under Amnesty, October 2001. Recorded April 2002, Kampala

Annex B. An Account of the 1994 Peace Talks

Bibliography

Index