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Another group of evaluation definitions identified by Mark et al. (2006) outline evaluation in terms of methods. An example comes from Rossi et al.:

Program evaluation is the use of social research methods to systematically investigate the effectiveness of social intervention programs in ways that are adapted to their political and organizational environments and are designed to inform social action to improve social conditions. (Rossi et al. 2004: 16, emphasis added)

Defining evaluation in terms of methods can be potentially helpful in distinguishing it from similar practices such as monitoring, performance management, auditing and accreditation. However, in turn this raises questions about what distinguishes evaluation from research (Palfrey et al. 2012).