Читать книгу An Introduction to Evaluation - Chris Fox - Страница 32

Building on their previous work, Donaldson and Lipsey (2006) describe a ‘second boom in evaluation’ which happened during the last years of the twentieth century and the early years of the twenty first. This is more global and includes a wider range of governmental and non-governmental organisations commissioning evaluations and a growing number of evaluation professionals and professional associations. Evaluation as a practice has become globalised principally due to the link between effectiveness, transparency and accountability. Another characteristic of this second boom is the development of new theories of evaluation, new evaluation methods and new evaluation tools designed to address a broader and more diverse range of evaluation practice challenges (Donaldson and Lipsey 2006). This also represents a shift with evaluation, no longer shaped mainly by the interests of evaluators and consumers of evaluation exercising significant influence (Rossi et al. 2004). For Rossi and colleagues the incorporation of the consumer perspective has moved evaluation beyond academic social science:

Evaluation has now become a political and managerial activity that makes significant input into the complex mosaic from which emerge policy decisions and resources for starting, enlarging, changing or sustaining programs to better the human condition. (Rossi et al. 2004: 10)

An implication of this move is that evaluation must be seen as an integral part of the social policy and public administration.