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A diagram listing the constitutional division of powers between the federal government and the states. Concurrent powers are also included.

National Powers:

Admit new states into the union

Coin money

Regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states

Declare war

Raise and maintain armies, navies

Conduct foreign affairs

Establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court

Make laws that are necessary for carrying out the powers vested by the Constitution

State Powers:

Regulate intrastate commerce

Maintain militia (National Guard)

Provide for public health, safety, and morals

Ratify amendments to the federal Constitution

Conduct elections and determine voter qualifications

Establish local governments

Concurrent Powers:

Borrow and spend money for the general welfare

Charter and regulate banks; charter corporations

Collect taxes

Pass and enforce laws

Take private property for public purposes, with just compensation

Establish highways

Establish courts

States expressly prohibited from:

Abridging the privileges or immunities of citizens or denying due process and equal protection of the laws (Fourteenth Amendment)

Coining money

Entering into treaties

Keeping troops or navies

Levying import or export taxes on goods

Making war

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A highly partisan political cartoon. President Franklin Roosevelt is shown happily steering the American ship of state toward economic recovery. A dark cloud labeled “depression” hangs in the distance with big businessmen labeled “detractors” underneath. A sailor labeled “the American people” looks out on the horizon to a rainbow labeled “recovery.”

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A political cartoon. Uncle Sam is shown holding a sack of federal benefits in one hand and a document that reads “federal authority” in the other. A smaller man wearing a jacket that reads “states’ rights” is accepting the federal benefits but rejecting the federal authority. The caption reads, “In two words, yes and no.”

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A map of the United States illustrating each state’s dominant political ideology, and if the state receives more in benefits than it receives in taxes (net winners or net losers).

The following states are ranked as “Most Conservative”: South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma, Nebraska, North Dakota, Wyoming, Utah, Idaho

The following states are ranked as “More Conservative”: North Carolina, West Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana, Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, South Dakota, Montana, Nevada, and Alaska

The following states are ranked as “More Liberal”: Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, Florida, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. Washington, D.C., is also categorized as “More Liberal.”

The following states are ranked as “Most Liberal”: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, New York, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Jersey, Maryland, California, Oregon, Washington, and Hawaii.

In general, most of the southern and midwestern states are predominantly conservative, and most of the northeastern and western states are predominantly liberal.

The following states are ranked as “Net Takers”: Maine, Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Arizona, Nevada, Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, Alaska, Vermont, Rhode Island, Ohio, South Dakota, Kansas, Oklahoma, Colorado, Utah, and Hawaii.

The following states are ranked as “Net Payers”: Texas, California, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Illinois, Minnesota, Massachusetts, Wyoming, New York, Connecticut, North Dakota, and New Jersey.