Читать книгу Linux Bible - Christopher Negus - Страница 123

Although similar in many ways, the Linux filesystem has some striking differences when compared to filesystems used in MS-DOS and Windows operating systems. Here are a few of these differences:

 In MS-DOS and Windows filesystems, drive letters represent different storage devices. In Linux, all storage devices are connected to the filesystem hierarchy. So, the fact that all of /usr may be on a separate hard disk or that /mnt/remote1 is a filesystem from another computer is invisible to the user.

 Slashes, rather than backslashes, are used to separate directory names in Linux. So C:\home\joe in a Microsoft system is /home/joe in a Linux system.

 Filenames almost always have suffixes in DOS (such as .txt for text files or .docx for word-processing files). Although at times you can use that convention in Linux, three-character suffixes have no required meaning in Linux. They can be useful for identifying a file type. Many Linux applications and desktop environments use file suffixes to determine the contents of a file. In Linux, however, DOS command extensions such as .com, .exe, and .bat don't necessarily signify an executable. (Permission flags make Linux files executable.)

 Every file and directory in a Linux system has permissions and ownership associated with it. Security varies among Microsoft systems. Because DOS and Microsoft Windows began as single-user systems, file ownership was not built into those systems when they were designed. Later releases added features such as file and folder attributes to address this problem.