Читать книгу Collins Complete Photography Manual - Collins Dictionaries - Страница 86

Digital cameras may be sold in ‘body-only’ form, but this option will normally only appeal to buyers who already have compatible lenses. Most buyers will choose a camera kit that includes both the body and a standard lens.

Although most new cameras come with zoom lenses fitted these days, until fairly recently film cameras were supplied with only a fixed focal length lens. Atypical standard lens has a focal length of 50mm or thereabouts, and is designed for general-purpose photography. Its angle of view closely matches that of the human eye, although some photographers feel that a 45mm lens is closer to the ideal. With a lens like this, the framing and perspective of shots looks natural, and this type has a large maximum aperture of f/1.8 or f/1.4. This makes it especially useful for shooting in low light or where you want shallow depth-of-field.

50mm standard lenses are light and compact, but some makers have produced shorter ‘pancake’ lenses for photographers who want their camera and lens to be slimmer still. These have a focal length of around 40mm and a smaller maximum aperture off/2.8, but their optical quality is usually excellent. They are more expensive, but for many photographers they are also more useful as standard lenses.