Читать книгу Principles of Superconducting Quantum Computers - Daniel D. Stancil - Страница 13

Digital systems that are most familiar are based on binary digits, or “bits.” Each bit can take on either the value “1” or “0,” and any arbitrary data can be represented by such a binary representation. In addition, any arbitrary logical operation can be implemented using bits. We will refer to these familiar systems as “classical” systems, since they are governed by the everyday laws of classical physics.

Quantum computing is different from classical computing in a number of significant ways. The fundamental unit of information in quantum computing is the qubit (pronounced “KEW-bit”), short for quantum bit. The capabilities and behavior of qubits are quite different than bits, and we begin by pointing out and discussing the key differences as a launching point for our study of quantum computing.