Читать книгу Tropical Marine Ecology - Daniel M. Alongi - Страница 2
Table of Contents
Оглавление1 Cover
4 Preface
5 CHAPTER 1: Introduction 1.1 Definition of the Tropics 1.2 What Makes the Tropics Different? References
6 PART 1: PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT CHAPTER 2: Weather and Climate 2.1 Tropical Heat Engine 2.2 Tropical Winds and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) 2.3 Tropical Rainfall and Temperature Patterns 2.4 Monsoons 2.5 Tropical Weather Systems 2.6 The El Niño‐ Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) 2.7 Climate Change: Physical Aspects References CHAPTER 3: Tropical Marine Hydrosphere 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Large‐Scale Circulation Patterns 3.3 Coastal Circulation 3.4 Estuarine Circulation 3.5 Coral Reef Hydrodynamics 3.6 Fluid Mechanics in Seagrass Meadows 3.7 Tides References CHAPTER 4: Tropical Marine Geosphere 4.1 Major Sedimentary Patterns 4.2 Distribution of Major Habitat Types 4.3 Nutrients 4.4 Tropical River Loads, Plumes, and Shelf Margins References
7 PART 2: STRUCTURE CHAPTER 5: Biogeography and Origins 5.1 Tropical Biogeography 5.2 The Coral Triangle 5.3 Origins Explained 5.4 Marine Ecoregions and Provinces 5.5 The Latitudinal Diversity Gradient References CHAPTER 6: Populations and Communities 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Density Independence, Density Dependence, and Intraspecific Competition 6.3 Populations with Age Structure 6.4 Meta‐populations 6.5 Interspecific Competition 6.6 Mutualism 6.7 Commensalism 6.8 Parasitism 6.9 Predation 6.10 Plant–Herbivore Interactions 6.11 Trophic Cascades 6.12 Facilitation Cascades References CHAPTER 7: Ecosystems 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Rocky Shores 7.3 Sandy Beaches and Tidal Flats 7.4 Coastal Lagoons 7.5 Mangrove Forests 7.6 Seagrass Meadows 7.7 Coral Reefs 7.8 Continental Shelves 7.9 Open Ocean References
8 PART III: FUNCTION CHAPTER 8: Primary Production 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Sandy Beaches and Tidal Flats 8.3 Mangrove Forests 8.4 Seagrasses 8.5 Coral Reefs 8.6 Coastal Lagoons, Estuaries, and Tidal Waterways 8.7 Shelf Seas 8.8 Open Ocean References CHAPTER 9: Secondary Production 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Heterotrophic Bacterioplankton 9.3 Zooplankton 9.4 Benthos 9.5 Fisheries References CHAPTER 10: Food Webs and Carbon Fluxes 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Sandy Beaches and Tidal Flats 10.3 Rocky Intertidal Shores 10.4 Seagrass Meadows 10.5 Mangrove Forests 10.6 Coral Reefs 10.7 Estuaries and Coastal Lagoons 10.8 Coastal Bays and Continental Shelves 10.9 Open Ocean References CHAPTER 11: Nutrient Biogeochemistry 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Sandy Beaches, Tidal Flats, and Rocky Intertidal Shores 11.3 Seagrass Meadows 11.4 Mangrove Forests 11.5 Coral Reefs 11.6 Estuaries and Coastal Lagoons 11.7 Coastal Bays and Continental Shelves 11.8 Open Ocean References
9 PART IV: HUMAN IMPACTS CHAPTER 12: Pollution 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Hydrocarbons 12.3 Metals 12.4 Eutrophication 12.5 Pesticides and Industrial Organic Chemicals 12.6 Plastics and Other Marine Debris 12.7 Biological Pollution References CHAPTER 13: Climate Change 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Rising Temperatures, Increased Storms, Extreme Weather Events, and Changes in Precipitation 13.3 Sea‐level Rise (SLR) 13.4 Rising Atmospheric CO2 13.5 Ocean Acidification 13.6 Increasing Hypoxia 13.7 Impacts on Shelf and Oceanic Ecosystems and Fisheries References CHAPTER 14: Habitat Destruction and Degradation 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Coral Reefs 14.3 Seagrass Meadows 14.4 Mangrove Forests References CHAPTER 15: Epilogue
10 Index
