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A preliminary reconstruction (Fig. 2.9) of H. fittoni based on the type and referred material has been described in detail (Norman, in press). The skull was probably more slender and elongate than that of B. dawsoni based on the morphology of the lower jaw. The vertebral column is notable for the comparatively small proportions of dorsal centra and the attenuation of the neural spines, which form a sail-like structure reminiscent of the even taller “sail” seen in the gracile neoiguanodontian Ouranosaurus (Taquet, 1976). This reconstruction is tentative because it is a composite based on a number of skeletons of individuals of differing size and there are uncertainties about the relative proportions of the fore and hindlimbs (as well as within-limb proportions).

2.8. Hypselospinus cf. fittoni, holotype of Iguanodon hollingtoniensis, NHMUK R1148. (A, B) femur, right, the original specimen as preserved (May 2011) in dorsal and ventral views respectively; the ventral view reveals the extent of longitudinal crushing. Abbreviations: 4t, fourth trochanter; at, anterior (lesser) trochanter; cr, crushing of the dorsal part of the medial condyle; icg, anterior intercondylar groove. Scale bar equals 10 cm (modified from Norman, in press).

MANTELLISAURUS Paul, 2007 MANTELLISAURUS ATHERFIELDENSIS (Hooley, 1925)

The posthumous work by Hooley (1925) based on a nearly complete skeleton recovered (in 1914) from broken blocks of shale following a cliff collapse near Atherfield Point, Isle of Wight, provided the first detailed anatomical description of any Wealden-aged Iguanodon-like ornithopod 100 years after the first Iguanodon teeth were described by Mantell. This paper founded a new species: Iguanodon atherfieldensis Hooley, 1925. The importance of this discovery and its description cannot be overemphasized, given the previous century of attempts to identify and name new species using material that was often inadequate and compounded by the startling failure to provide detailed descriptions when material was, in fact, available. Noteworthy, in the latter respect, is the remarkable fully articulated skeletal material collected between 1878 and 1881 from Bernissart in Belgium, which was described only superficially by Louis Dollo (Norman, 1980, 1986, 1987). What became increasingly obvious, with the benefit of hindsight, was that material (notably that collected from the Isle of Wight) described variously under the names Vectisaurus, Sphenospondylus, or Iguanodon mantelli – the latter name usually considered synonymous with the “Mantel-piece” collected from Maidstone in 1834 (Norman, 1993) – would eventually be referred to I. atherfieldensis (Norman, 1986, 1990, 2004).

2.9. Hypselospinus fittoni. Preliminary skeletal reconstruction based upon the holotypes of Iguanodon fittoni Lydekker, 1889, and I. hollingtoniensis Lydekker, 1889, supplemented by information from several additional referred partial skeletons (from Norman, in press).