Читать книгу The Hebrew Bible - David M. Carr - Страница 41

The major turns in biblical history can be seen in this context. The Egyptian empire dominated the area of ancient Israel from around 1450 to 1200 BCE, the years when most scholars think the biblical exodus may have happened. Then a series of catastrophes ended Egyptian rule over the area and inaugurated a power vacuum in the land of Israel. This is when we first see identifiable archaeological evidence of a “people of Israel.” This people settled in small villages in the hill country of Judah and Israel during the pre‐state tribal period (1250–1000 BCE, including the time of the chieftain, Saul). At the outset of the first millennium, the figures David and Solomon establish what might be termed a proto‐monarchy in Jerusalem that rules Israelite tribes for several decades (around 1000–930 BCE). In the later ninth century, the tribes of Israel form a monarchy of their own, and we see a period of neighboring monarchies where there are two kingdoms in broader Israel: a kingdom of Israel in the north, and a kingdom of Judah in the south (930–722 BCE).