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Principle #7—The conditions under which one argues are at least as important as the arguments one makes.

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When we argue, we are bound by convention—either the social conventions of everyday discourse or the conventions of formal argumentative settings, which are much more rigorous. Deliberative assemblies have rules of procedure, lawyers are bound by rules of evidence, and debaters must adhere to time limits and rules of decorum.

No matter how casual (or how rigid) the conditions, we must recognize the inescapable limits. One can be disadvantaged in argument as much by the “rules” of argument as by the arguments themselves. Conversely, facility in navigating the shoals of argumentation might be one’s strongest ally in advancing arguments. An advocate’s mastery of parliamentary procedure, for example, facilitates the inclusion of salient argumentation. It may also help to exclude an opponent’s argument, where that opponent lacks mastery of the procedural moves.

Making Arguments: Reason in Context

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