Читать книгу Smart Grid and Enabling Technologies - Frede Blaabjerg - Страница 20

The first AC generating system was built more than 130 years ago as a centralized and unidirectional system [11]. The traditional power network consists of various elements such as conductors, transformers, switches, relays, etc. for safely delivering electricity to end consumers. The traditional power grid is a centralized control and management system that uses a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) as shown in Figure 1.4.

Developing real‐time control, supervision, and monitoring systems with a smart protection system is essential to optimize the production and consumption of electricity, to improve the overall efficiency, and to ensure the grid's reliability. The challenge is that several new generation sources must randomly connect and disconnect seamlessly with the distribution grid. Moreover, controlling a large number of different sources with different characteristics is of the utmost importance due to the possibility of conflicting requirements and limited communication resources [12]. Those are essential challenges for transforming the current grid into an SG. Other challenges before implementing the SG could be as follows: