Читать книгу Smart Grid and Enabling Technologies - Frede Blaabjerg - Страница 33

In the traditional grid, consumers have a passive role while occupying a marginal position in the energy market. Customer engagement has been negligible in the aspect of energy monitoring, controlling, management, generation, storing, and trading. However, with the introduction of the SG paradigm, the consumers have a crucial and active role in all aspects above. The SG technologies open the opportunity for active engagement through real‐time insight in their energy consumption patterns, price changes, local renewable energy production, storing, and energy sharing. Customers engagement is the language of energy DSM in the SG which is used to achieve supply–demand balancing, load shifting, and increased reliability, high efficiency, and resiliency in the electric system. Electric utilities are putting more focus on energy demand management to realize three main tasks: enhancing energy efficiency, direct load control, and to meet a dynamic DR [35].

Energy management on the demand‐side acts on the consumers for controlling electrical energy usage. There are a number of solutions to attain demand management and flexible energy consumption. Direct load control and dynamic DR programs are addressing the biggest priorities and challenges for the successful implementation of demand management in SGs. The participant customers can rely on their generation sources to meet their demand (typical usage requirements) whenever possible. Customer engagement, through (DSM) market prices change, increases with time. Figure 1.11 shows the global market of customer engagement. The global energy management systems (EMS) (industrial, home, and building) market size was USD 9.8 billion in 2017 and is expected to increase to USD 72.73 billion in 2024 [36, 37]. The right‐side column of the Figure 1.11 indicates the spending per region. The EMS is becoming a crucial tool for both the utility and the customer to monitor, analyze, shift, optimize, and control energy and assets in real‐time.